Town Hall Seattle Civics Series
414 episodes - English - Latest episode: 13 days ago - ★★★★ - 11 ratingsThe Civics series at Town Hall shines a light on the shifting issues, movements, and policies, that affect our society, both locally and globally. These events pose questions and ideas, big and small, that have the power to inform and impact our lives. Whether it be constitutional research from a scholar, a new take on history, or the birth of a movement, it's all about educating and empowering.
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Episodes
Fly to the Assemblies!
November 14, 2018 09:00 - 42 minutes - 58.9 MBSeattle has long been considered a center of progressive thought and action. But like any other growing city it has wrestled with familiar demons: racism, class struggles, economic opportunism, sexism, and more. Since the 2016 election, many progressive voices throughout the city have emerged with the goal of transforming Seattle into a central staging ground for resistance against the rise of restrictive and damaging policies in our nation. Amid such turbulent times, Town Hall joined forc...
116: Sayu Bhojwani with Sophia Jordán Wallace
November 12, 2018 09:00 - 1 hour - 89.7 MBAmerica’s political leadership remains overwhelmingly white, male, moneyed, and Christian; even at the local and state levels, elected office is inaccessible to the people it aims to represent. But this trend is changing, says political scientist Sayu Bhojwani. She made her way to Town Hall’s stage to share accounts of the diverse and persevering range of new politicians from across the country who are challenging the status quo, winning against all odds, and leaving a path for others to fol...
Sayu Bhojwani with Sophia Jordán Wallace
November 12, 2018 09:00 - 1 hour - 89.7 MBAmerica’s political leadership remains overwhelmingly white, male, moneyed, and Christian; even at the local and state levels, elected office is inaccessible to the people it aims to represent. But this trend is changing, says political scientist Sayu Bhojwani. She made her way to Town Hall’s stage to share accounts of the diverse and persevering range of new politicians from across the country who are challenging the status quo, winning against all odds, and leaving a path for others to fol...
C.J. Chivers with Patricia Murphy
November 07, 2018 22:29 - 1 hour - 92.7 MBMore than 2.7 million Americans have served in Afghanistan or Iraq since September 11, 2001. Reporter C.J. Chivers has served as a correspondent for both of these conflicts from the start, and he brought that perspective to Town Hall to present a vivid recollection of the physical and emotional experience of war, collected in his book The Fighters. Chivers met onstage with interlocutor Patricia Murphy, longtime reporter at KUOW with a background in coverage of veterans’ affairs. Together, ...
115: C.J. Chivers with Patricia Murphy
November 07, 2018 22:29 - 1 hour - 92.7 MBMore than 2.7 million Americans have served in Afghanistan or Iraq since September 11, 2001. Reporter C.J. Chivers has served as a correspondent for both of these conflicts from the start, and he brought that perspective to Town Hall to present a vivid recollection of the physical and emotional experience of war, collected in his book The Fighters. Chivers met onstage with interlocutor Patricia Murphy, longtime reporter at KUOW with a background in coverage of veterans’ affairs. Together, ...
114: Elaine Weiss
November 05, 2018 22:45 - 1 hour - 88.6 MBIn August 1920, the seven-decade battle for women’s suffrage was decided by a single state. Thirty-five states had ratified the Nineteenth Amendment while twelve had rejected or refused to vote. It all came down to Tennessee. Acclaimed journalist Elaine Weiss brought us a chronicle of this tumultuous climax of one of the greatest political battles in American history—the ratification of the constitutional amendment that granted women the right to vote. Weiss arrived at Town Hall with insig...
Elaine Weiss
November 05, 2018 22:45 - 1 hour - 88.6 MBIn August 1920, the seven-decade battle for women’s suffrage was decided by a single state. Thirty-five states had ratified the Nineteenth Amendment while twelve had rejected or refused to vote. It all came down to Tennessee. Acclaimed journalist Elaine Weiss brought us a chronicle of this tumultuous climax of one of the greatest political battles in American history—the ratification of the constitutional amendment that granted women the right to vote. Weiss arrived at Town Hall with insig...
113: March For Our Lives
November 02, 2018 20:03 - 1 hour - 92 MBSince the tragedies at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida, the March For Our Lives movement has taken a stand against senseless gun violence. The Parkland students work together with young leaders of all backgrounds from across the country to hold politicians accountable and combat the normalization of gun violence. March For Our Lives brings Jammal Levy, Alex Wind, and David Hogg, all survivors of the Parkland shooting, to Town Hall’s stage to share Glimmer of Hope,...
March For Our Lives
November 02, 2018 20:03 - 1 hour - 92 MBSince the tragedies at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida, the March For Our Lives movement has taken a stand against senseless gun violence. The Parkland students work together with young leaders of all backgrounds from across the country to hold politicians accountable and combat the normalization of gun violence. March For Our Lives brings Jammal Levy, Alex Wind, and David Hogg, all survivors of the Parkland shooting, to Town Hall’s stage to share Glimmer of Hope,...
112: Poverty and Prosperity in King County
October 29, 2018 08:00 - 1 hour - 121 MBWho really benefits from urban revival? From trendy coastal areas to the nation’s heartland, cities are seeing levels of growth beyond the wildest visions of only a few decades ago. For a look at the ramifications of this explosive growth for our own region, we convened a panel of city planning experts and representatives for our local government. First, urban practitioner Alan Mallach shared insight from his book The Divided City, spotlighting the effects of revival on major metropolitan ...
Poverty and Prosperity in King County
October 29, 2018 08:00 - 1 hour - 121 MBWho really benefits from urban revival? From trendy coastal areas to the nation’s heartland, cities are seeing levels of growth beyond the wildest visions of only a few decades ago. For a look at the ramifications of this explosive growth for our own region, we convened a panel of city planning experts and representatives for our local government. First, urban practitioner Alan Mallach shared insight from his book The Divided City, spotlighting the effects of revival on major metropolitan ...
111: D.D. Guttenplan
October 24, 2018 22:32 - 1 hour - 98.2 MBWho are the new progressive leaders emerging to lead the post-Trump return of democracy in America? National political correspondent and award-winning author D.D. Guttenplan stepped up to introduce Town Hall audiences to the next wave of successful activists who are changing the course of American history. With insight from his book The Next Republic: The Rise of a New Radical Majority he shed light on the struggles faced by American democracy in recent years. Guttenplan highlighted key mome...
D.D. Guttenplan
October 24, 2018 22:32 - 1 hour - 98.2 MBWho are the new progressive leaders emerging to lead the post-Trump return of democracy in America? National political correspondent and award-winning author D.D. Guttenplan stepped up to introduce Town Hall audiences to the next wave of successful activists who are changing the course of American history. With insight from his book The Next Republic: The Rise of a New Radical Majority he shed light on the struggles faced by American democracy in recent years. Guttenplan highlighted key mome...
110: Chris Hedges
October 22, 2018 23:27 - 1 hour - 120 MBHow do we keep ourselves from losing faith in our country? Pulitzer Prize-winning reporter Chris Hedges took Town Hall’s stage for a provocative examination of America in crisis—in the form of his book America: The Farewell Tour. America, says Hedges, is convulsed by an array of pathologies that have arisen out of a profound malaise of hopelessness. These have resulted in an epidemic of diseases of despair and a civil society that has ceased to function. Hedges asserted that the opioid cris...
Chris Hedges
October 22, 2018 23:27 - 1 hour - 120 MBHow do we keep ourselves from losing faith in our country? Pulitzer Prize-winning reporter Chris Hedges took Town Hall’s stage for a provocative examination of America in crisis—in the form of his book America: The Farewell Tour. America, says Hedges, is convulsed by an array of pathologies that have arisen out of a profound malaise of hopelessness. These have resulted in an epidemic of diseases of despair and a civil society that has ceased to function. Hedges asserted that the opioid cris...
Arne Duncan with Joy Resmovits
October 17, 2018 08:00 - 1 hour - 107 MBPoliticians and teachers alike have often spoken out on the need for widespread reform of our nation’s education system. Former Secretary of Education under President Obama Arne Duncan arrived at Town Hall with insight from his book How Schools Work to offer perspective on the failures in our school systems—and what we can do to fix them. Duncan met with Joy Resmovits, Seattle Times education writer and editor. Together they discussed critical deficiencies in the structure of our nation’s ed...
109: Arne Duncan with Joy Resmovits
October 17, 2018 08:00 - 1 hour - 107 MBPoliticians and teachers alike have often spoken out on the need for widespread reform of our nation’s education system. Former Secretary of Education under President Obama Arne Duncan arrived at Town Hall with insight from his book How Schools Work to offer perspective on the failures in our school systems—and what we can do to fix them. Duncan met with Joy Resmovits, Seattle Times education writer and editor. Together they discussed critical deficiencies in the structure of our nation’s ed...
Juan Williams
October 15, 2018 08:00 - 1 hour - 87.2 MBDonald Trump has been criticized for his history of unsympathetic, ambiguous, and openly racist remarks. They may have reached fever pitch after he failed to condemn white supremacy in the wake of the violence in Charlottesville, but perhaps no remark of Trump’s is more telling than his campaign pitch to Black Americans: “What the hell do you have to lose?” Bestselling author, political analyst, and civil rights expert Juan Williams took Town Hall’s stage to offer his take on just what Black...
108: Juan Williams
October 15, 2018 08:00 - 1 hour - 87.2 MBDonald Trump has been criticized for his history of unsympathetic, ambiguous, and openly racist remarks. They may have reached fever pitch after he failed to condemn white supremacy in the wake of the violence in Charlottesville, but perhaps no remark of Trump’s is more telling than his campaign pitch to Black Americans: “What the hell do you have to lose?” Bestselling author, political analyst, and civil rights expert Juan Williams took Town Hall’s stage to offer his take on just what Black...
Jose Antonio Vargas with Ijeoma Oluo
October 12, 2018 08:00 - 1 hour - 95.5 MBPulitzer-Prize winning journalist Jose Antonio Vargas, who has been called “the most famous undocumented immigrant in America,” tackles one of the defining issues of our time. He took Town Hall’s stage to share his explosive and deeply personal memoir Dear America: Notes of an Undocumented Citizen. Vargas was joined by Seattle-based feminist writer and activist Ijeoma Oluo. Together they discussed Vargas’ tale, focusing not on the politics of immigration but on the sense of homelessness, the...
107: Jose Antonio Vargas with Ijeoma Oluo
October 12, 2018 08:00 - 1 hour - 95.5 MBPulitzer-Prize winning journalist Jose Antonio Vargas, who has been called “the most famous undocumented immigrant in America,” tackles one of the defining issues of our time. He took Town Hall’s stage to share his explosive and deeply personal memoir Dear America: Notes of an Undocumented Citizen. Vargas was joined by Seattle-based feminist writer and activist Ijeoma Oluo. Together they discussed Vargas’ tale, focusing not on the politics of immigration but on the sense of homelessness, the...
Shane Bauer
October 10, 2018 08:00 - 1 hour - 100 MBIn 2014, Shane Bauer was hired for $9 an hour to work as an entry-level prison guard at a private prison in Winnfield, Louisiana. There was no meaningful background check, and he used his real name despite his notoriety as an award-winning investigative journalist. Four months later he had seen enough, and in short order he left to write an exposé that won a National Magazine Award and became the most-read feature in the history of the magazine Mother Jones. Bauer joined us with excerpts fro...
106: Shane Bauer
October 10, 2018 08:00 - 1 hour - 100 MBIn 2014, Shane Bauer was hired for $9 an hour to work as an entry-level prison guard at a private prison in Winnfield, Louisiana. There was no meaningful background check, and he used his real name despite his notoriety as an award-winning investigative journalist. Four months later he had seen enough, and in short order he left to write an exposé that won a National Magazine Award and became the most-read feature in the history of the magazine Mother Jones. Bauer joined us with excerpts fro...
105: Steve Phillips with Kiran Ahuja
October 08, 2018 08:00 - 1 hour - 101 MBObama’s presidency awakened the U.S. to new lines being drawn in voting demographics and the fundamental changes taking place in our population. Some political analysts see the explosive population growth of people of color in America as the foundation for a new progressive majority. Political expert Steve Phillips joined us to illuminate the ways progressives can properly capture this moment in history. He argued that, now more than ever, hope for a more progressive political future lies ...
Steve Phillips with Kiran Ahuja
October 08, 2018 08:00 - 1 hour - 101 MBObama’s presidency awakened the U.S. to new lines being drawn in voting demographics and the fundamental changes taking place in our population. Some political analysts see the explosive population growth of people of color in America as the foundation for a new progressive majority. Political expert Steve Phillips joined us to illuminate the ways progressives can properly capture this moment in history. He argued that, now more than ever, hope for a more progressive political future lies ...
Teaching for Black Lives
October 01, 2018 08:00 - 1 hour - 110 MBLocal educators and activists feel that Black students’ minds and bodies are under attack. That’s why they created Teaching for Black Lives, a handbook for creating the sweeping reform of our education system and equitable teaching strategies for Black students. The editors of this collection joined us on Town Hall’s stage to read excerpts and call us to action to dismantle stereotypes and the school-to-prison pipeline. They called for educators everywhere to engage Black students in self-re...
104: Teaching for Black Lives
October 01, 2018 08:00 - 1 hour - 110 MBLocal educators and activists feel that Black students’ minds and bodies are under attack. That’s why they created Teaching for Black Lives, a handbook for creating the sweeping reform of our education system and equitable teaching strategies for Black students. The editors of this collection joined us on Town Hall’s stage to read excerpts and call us to action to dismantle stereotypes and the school-to-prison pipeline. They called for educators everywhere to engage Black students in self-re...
Anand Giridharadas
September 24, 2018 05:00 - 1 hour - 103 MBWhat do we do when our society’s economic elite become more interested in celebrating their own magnanimity than bringing about real change? Former New York Times columnist Anand Giridharadas took Town Hall’s stage to present perspectives from his latest book Winners Take All: The Elite Charade of Changing the World. He decries the modern gilded age where the rich and powerful have rebranded themselves as saviors of the poor—constantly seeking to do more good, but never less harm. He outline...
103: Anand Giridharadas
September 24, 2018 05:00 - 1 hour - 103 MBWhat do we do when our society’s economic elite become more interested in celebrating their own magnanimity than bringing about real change? Former New York Times columnist Anand Giridharadas took Town Hall’s stage to present perspectives from his latest book Winners Take All: The Elite Charade of Changing the World. He decries the modern gilded age where the rich and powerful have rebranded themselves as saviors of the poor—constantly seeking to do more good, but never less harm. He outline...
Justin Driver with Lisa Manheim
September 17, 2018 05:00 - 51 minutes - 55.1 MBBitter controversy consistently surrounds our nation’s judicial decisions concerning the constitutional rights of students in public schools. The Supreme Court has weighed in on numerous cultural anxieties that divide American society—from racial segregation to unauthorized immigration, from antiwar protests to compulsory flag salutes, from economic inequality to teacher-led prayer. With insight from his book The Schoolhouse Gate: Public Education, the Supreme Court, and the Battle for the A...
Maya Rao
September 11, 2018 05:08 - 48 minutes - 51.2 MBWith an account equal parts dark, surreal, and humorous, journalist Maya Rao brought us a fraught firsthand chronicle of the breakneck capitalist microcosm contained in the modern-day gold rush of North Dakota’s oil fields. Rao took Town Hall’s stage to share accounts from her book Great American Outpost: Dreamers, Mavericks, and the Making of an Oil Frontier, detailing her interactions with drifters, fortune-seekers, and unlucky entrepreneurs who embodied the region’s culture of reckless gr...
Michael Bennett with Art Thiel
July 02, 2018 05:00 - 1 hour - 63.4 MBMichael Bennett is a Super Bowl Champion, a three-time Pro Bowl defensive end—as well as a fearless activist, a feminist, a grassroots philanthropist, an organizer, and a change-maker. He’s also been called one of the most scathingly humorous athletes on the planet, a trait that shines as he joins us to share excerpts from his book Things That Make White People Uncomfortable. He offered a deep examination of turbulent times in America and their effect on the relationships of black athletes w...
Michael Bennett with Jesse Hagopian
July 02, 2018 05:00 - 1 hour - 68.8 MBMichael Bennett is a Super Bowl Champion, a three-time Pro Bowl defensive end—as well as a fearless activist, a feminist, a grassroots philanthropist, an organizer, and a change-maker. He’s also been called one of the most scathingly humorous athletes on the planet, a trait that shines when he joined us to share excerpts from his book Things That Make White People Uncomfortable. He offered a deep examination of turbulent times in America and their effect on the relationships of black athlete...
Leni Zumas and Tiffany Hankins with Megan Burbank
June 18, 2018 05:00 - 1 hour - 64.5 MBNovelist Leni Zumas imagines a dystopian future that places severe restrictions on women’s reproductive rights. She took us on a deep dive into these issues through the lens of speculative fiction with selections from her new book Red Clocks. She was joined onstage by Tiffany Hankins, Executive Director of NARAL Pro-Choice Washington, along with moderator and feminist reporter Megan Burbank. They came together to ruminate on Zumas’s fiction and form a discussion of the current state of repro...
Khaled Beydoun
June 11, 2018 05:00 - 52 minutes - 54.9 MBThe term “Islamophobia” may be fairly new, but irrational fear and hatred of Islam and Muslims is anything but. Lending us perspective through his unique lens as a critical race theorist and law professor, Khaled A. Beydoun joined us to discuss the ways in which law, policy, and official state rhetoric have fueled the frightening resurgence of Islamophobia in the United States. With wisdom from his book American Islamophobia: Understanding the Roots and Rise of Fear, Beydoun took us through ...
In Residence—Histories of the Central District and What We’ll Build Next
June 04, 2018 05:00 - 1 hour - 93.9 MBSeattle’s Central District has undergone changes of identity and witnessed the rising presence of many communities of color. But are these communities thriving now, and who is welcome in today’s CD? Town Hall’s Inside/Out Neighborhood Resident Erik Molano invited us to explore these questions and more, as well as the Central District’s history with a diverse array of storytellers, panelists, and speakers. Storytellers from the CD’s Asian, Jewish, and Black communities took the stage to rec...
Yanis Varoufakis
May 24, 2018 22:38 - 1 hour - 68 MBHow should parents talk to their children about the economy: how it operates, where it came from, how it benefits some while impoverishing others? Former Finance Minister of Greece Yanis Varoufakis has appeared before heads of nations, assemblies of experts, and countless students around the world—and now he joins us to add Town Hall audiences to that list as he joins us to share wisdom from his book Talking to My Daughter About the Economy: A Brief History of Capitalism. Varoufakis took b...
Michael K. Honey with La TaSha Levy
May 17, 2018 05:00 - 1 hour - 82.3 MBFifty years ago, a single bullet robbed us of one of the world’s most eloquent voices for human rights and justice—Martin Luther King Jr. Humanities professor Michael K. Honey convened us for a modern application of King’s advocacy for racial harmony with insight from his book To the Promised Land. He was joined in conversation with La TaSha Levy, who teaches American Ethics Studies and courses on African American history at the University of Washington-Seattle. Honey and Levy explored Kin...
Nomi Prins
May 14, 2018 19:16 - 1 hour - 69 MBThe 2008 financial crisis unleashed a chain reaction that turbo-boosted the influence of central bankers and triggered a massive shift in the world order. Economic writer and journalist Nomi Prins joined us to illuminate the machinations at the core of this rising tide of financial instability, drawing on observations from her latest book Collusion: How Central Bankers Rigged the World. With signature verve and insight, Prins outlined how central banks and institutions like the IMF are overs...
Ashley Dawson
May 10, 2018 05:00 - 1 hour - 74.3 MBHow will climate change affect our lives? Where will its impacts be most deeply felt? Are we doing enough to protect ourselves from the coming chaos? Professor of English and environmental organizer Ashley Dawson argued that highly developed urban cities are ground zero for climate change. In his book Extreme Cities: The Peril and Promise of Urban Life in the Age of Climate Change he highlighted the elevated risk of dense metropolises, which contribute the lion’s share of carbon to the atmos...
BirdNote Live! Podcast
May 03, 2018 05:00 - 59 minutes - 61.9 MBBirds are with us everywhere. They animate our stories, inform our art and music, and reveal startling truths about the world we share. Join BirdNote’s Michael Stein and Mary McCann with special guests Barbara Earl Thomas and Dr. J. Drew Lanham for BirdNote Live!, an evening of conversation by, for and about birds. BirdNote celebrates how stories about birds connect us with each other, and how caring for birds and the places they live can inspire the next generation. Join us for this special...
Annelise Orleck with Heidi Groover
April 30, 2018 05:00 - 53 minutes - 55.6 MBIn May of 2014, thousands of fast food workers in 230 cities across the globe went on strike, protesting for a living wage, workplace protections, and the right to unionize. Today that fight persists in the form of the #FightFor15 movement, whose efforts have resulted in cities around the nation (including Seattle, New York City, and Los Angeles) instituting a rise to a $15 minimum wage. History professor and activist Annelise Orleck chronicled the fight for a living wage and the results of ...
Åsne Seierstad
April 26, 2018 05:00 - 1 hour - 66.2 MBAs headlines blur and death tolls rise, it can become difficult to maintain a human perspective on the impact of military conflict on lives of individuals and families in war-torn regions. To reconnect with this human perspective we turn to figures such as acclaimed Norwegian journalist Åsne Seierstad, known for her deeply incisive accounts of everyday living conditions in active warzones. She took our stage to tell the story of a family of Somali immigrants in Norway whose two teenage daugh...
Histories of Capitol Hill and What We’ll Build Next
April 23, 2018 05:00 - 1 hour - 92.1 MBResidents of Seattle’s Capitol Hill know of the neighborhood’s history of renovation, and of the many populations who have found it difficult to find housing. Now Erik Molano—Town Hall’s Inside/Out Neighborhood Resident for Capitol Hill and the Central District—presents a celebration of Capitol Hill’s history and an examination of what it means to preserve heritage in the age of development. Poets, activists, and historians shared the stage to weave a tapestry of time and culture, delving ...
Adam Winkler
April 19, 2018 05:00 - 47 minutes - 49.2 MBIn 2010, a controversial Supreme Court decision granted American corporations nearly all the same constitutional rights as ordinary citizens. With insight from his book We the Corporations: How American Businesses Won Their Civil Rights, constitutional law expert Adam Winkler chronicled a corporate civil rights movement two hundred years in the making. He presented us with a history of the battle over constitutional protections for business, and a groundbreaking portrait of a corporate seizu...
Nancy MacLean with Nick Licata
April 16, 2018 05:00 - 56 minutes - 59.2 MBDisagreements between the American right and left have led many journalists and activists to investigate the factors at work deep within our political factions. Nancy MacLean, the William Chafe Professor of history and Public Policy at Duke University, joined us with a deep-delving interrogation of the American right and presents a decade of research and insight from her book Democracy in Chains: The Deep History of the Radical Right’s Stealth Plan for America. MacLean shared her account of ...
Living With Conviction: Sentenced to Debt for Life in WA
April 09, 2018 05:00 - 1 hour - 80.3 MBThe purpose of law is to serve our communities by leveling the playing field and creating a more just society. Documentary photographer Deborah Espinosa believes that the only way to know if a law is serving us is to listen to those most impacted. Living with Conviction: Sentenced to Debt for Life in Washington State is a multi-media and civic engagement project about how the State of Washington sentences people not just to prison, but to a lifetime of debt. Failure to make monthly payment...
Maria McFarland Sánchez-Moreno
April 05, 2018 05:00 - 54 minutes - 57.3 MBStarting in the late 1990s, paramilitary groups with close ties to drug cartels carried out a bloody expansion campaign throughout much of Colombia. Maria McFarland Sánchez-Moreno joined us with insight from her book There Are No Dead Here: A Story of Murder and Denial in Colombia, sharing her account of massacres committed by paramilitary groups fueled by drug profits all in the name of defending the country from brutal Marxist guerrillas. She discussed details of grievous humanitarian abus...
In Residence—Evolving Masculinity: A #MeToo Era Conversation and Workshop
April 02, 2018 05:00 - 1 hour - 69.2 MBThe #MeToo movement is illuminating many ways in which men cause harm, consciously or otherwise, by not having a clear understanding and respect of boundaries and consent. Since the rise of #MeToo, many have grown to connect the phrase “be a man” with emotional repression and disconnection—and view the traditional culture and expressions of masculinity in patterns of dominance, violence, and power. Jordan Giarratano, founder of feminist martial arts dojo Fighting Chance Seattle, joined us on...
Morgan Simon
March 26, 2018 05:00 - 1 hour - 70.1 MBImpact investment—the support of social and environmental projects with a financial return—has become a hot topic on the global stage. So much so, says investment professional Morgan Simon, that it has become poised to eclipse traditional aid by ten times in the next decade. But the field is at a tipping point, and Simon joined us to pose an integral question: Will impact investment empower millions of people worldwide, or will it replicate the same mistakes that have plagued both aid and fi...