Science (Audio)
785 episodes - English - Latest episode: 4 days ago - ★★★ - 12 ratingsScience affects us all. Explore a wide variety of topics from technology in our everyday lives to complex global issues. Visit uctv.tv/science
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Episodes
The Mysterious Pacific Footballfish
April 29, 2022 21:00 - 56 minutes - 26.5 MBThe Pacific footballfish is a large but rarely encountered deep-sea anglerfish known from only 31 specimens recovered worldwide. Strangely, over the course of last year (2021), three footballfish were found washed up on beaches in San Diego and Orange Counties. Scripps scientists aren't quite sure why these rare creatures are suddenly showing up on our beaches, but were lucky enough to collect, preserve and archive one of these unusual animals in Scripps world class oceanographic collections....
CARTA: Human Origins and Humanity’s Future: Past Present and Future of the Anthropocene - Questions Answers and Closing Remarks
April 21, 2022 21:00 - 1 hour - 32.2 MBThis CARTA public symposia focuses on the long and short-term impact of humans on the planet that we inhabit, and the consequences for the future of our species. This also gives us the opportunity to celebrate the memory of the late Paul Crutzen, who coined the term “Anthropocene.” It is relevant to ask how a single species evolved the capacity to completely alter the surface of an entire planet and dominate its governing environmental and ecological processes. This symposium brings together ...
A Discussion on Artificial Intelligence with Kate Crawford
April 20, 2022 21:00 - 1 hour - 36 MBKate Crawford, author of "Atlas AI: Power, Politics and Planetary Costs of Artificial Intelligence," is a leading international scholar of the social and political implications of artificial intelligence. This program looks at the intersection of art, activism and artificial intelligence. Series: "UC Berkeley Graduate Lectures" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 37967]
How Changes in Proteins Can Lead to Diseases
April 13, 2022 21:00 - 27 minutes - 12.9 MBDr. Songi Han, professor in the Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Chemical Engineering at UC Santa Barbara, talks about her research into the function of proteins in the body and how changes like protein Tau tangles can lead to neurological diseases like Alzheimer's. Series: "GRIT Talks" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 37869]
Robert Roeder - 2021 Kyoto Prize Laureate in Basic Sciences Discovering the Principles of Gene Transcription Mechanisms in Eukaryotes
April 10, 2022 21:00 - 1 hour - 36.9 MBKyoto Prize laureate Robert Roeder has revealed the principle of the regulatory mechanism of gene transcription in eukaryotes through more than 50 years of research, by identifying the functions of a series of factors — including three distinct RNA polymerases, basic transcription factors, one of the first gene-specific factors, and regulators in transcription from chromatin. Through his achievements, he has made significant contributions to the development of the life sciences. Copyright of ...
Robert Roeder - 2021 Kyoto Prize Laureate in Basic Sciences - Discovering the Principles of Gene Transcription Mechanisms in Eukaryotes
April 10, 2022 21:00 - 1 hour - 36.9 MBUC San Diego Professor of Biological Sciences James T. Kadonaga hosts a one-on-one discussion with Kyoto Prize laureate in Basic Sciences, Robert Roeder. Roeder has revealed the principle of the regulatory mechanism of transcription in eukaryotes through his over 50 years of transcriptional research, by identifying functions of a series of factors such as three distinct RNA polymerases, basic transcription factors, one of the first gene-specific factors, and regulators in transcription from c...
CARTA: Human Origins and Humanity’s Future: Past Present and Future of the Anthropocene with Leslie Aiello Michael Purugganan and Vanessa Ezenwa
April 07, 2022 21:00 - 57 minutes - 26.6 MBSpeakers Leslie Aiello, Michael Purugganan and Vanessa Ezenwa discuss humanity's past, present and future of the Anthropocene. Aiello speaks on how the human capacity to change the planet is not something new, but is rooted in our deep evolutionary past. One of the hallmarks of humans is our large brain size, which began to expand about 2 million years ago. Purugganan discusses how domesticated species are an interesting group of organisms that have co-evolved with Homo sapiens, and have been...
CARTA: Human Origins and Humanity’s Future: Past Present and Future of the Anthropocene - Symposium Welcome and Opening Remarks (Gage and Kennel)
April 07, 2022 21:00 - 7 minutes - 3.28 MBThis CARTA public symposia focuses on the long and short-term impact of humans on the planet that we inhabit, and the consequences for the future of our species. This also gives us the opportunity to celebrate the memory of the late Paul Crutzen, who coined the term “Anthropocene.” It is relevant to ask how a single species evolved the capacity to completely alter the surface of an entire planet and dominate its governing environmental and ecological processes. This symposium brings together ...
Bruno Latour - 2021 Kyoto Prize Laureate in Arts and Philosophy How to React to a Change in Cosmology
April 06, 2022 21:00 - 57 minutes - 26.6 MBUC San Diego Professor of Sociology and Co-Director of the Institute of Practical Ethics, John Evans discusses the work of Kyoto Prize laureate Bruno Latour with UC San Diego Professor Emerita of Communication and Science Studies Chandra Mukerji. Latour has revolutionized the conventional view of science by treating nature, humans, laboratory equipment, and other entities as equal actors, and describing technoscience as the hybrid network of these actors. His philosophy re-examines "modernity...
Bruno Latour - 2021 Kyoto Prize Laureate in Arts and Philosophy How to React to a Change in Cosmology
April 06, 2022 21:00 - 57 minutes - 26.6 MBUC San Diego Professor of Sociology and Co-Director of the Institute of Practical Ethics, John Evans discusses the work of Kyoto Prize laureate Bruno Latour with UC San Diego Professor Emerita of Communication and Science Studies Chandra Mukerji. Latour has revolutionized the conventional view of science by treating nature, humans, laboratory equipment, and other entities as equal actors, and describing technoscience as the hybrid network of these actors. His philosophy re-examines “modernity...
Andrew Yao - 2021 Kyoto Prize Laureate in Advanced Technology A Journey Through Computer Science
April 05, 2022 21:00 - 1 hour - 40.7 MBUC San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering computer science and engineering professor Russell Impagliazzo hosts a one-on-one conversation with 2021 Kyoto Prize laureate Andrew Chi-Chih Yao. Yao created new trends in computer science and made great contributions to cutting-edge research in various areas, especially in security, secure computing, and quantum computation through establishing innovative fundamental theories for computation and communication. His achievements are continuing to infl...
Andrew Yao - 2021 Kyoto Prize Laureate in Advanced Technology - A Journey Through Computer Science
April 05, 2022 21:00 - 1 hour - 40.7 MBUC San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering computer science and engineering professor Russell Impagliazzo hosts a one-on-one conversation with 2021 Kyoto Prize laureate Andrew Chi-Chih Yao. Yao created new trends in computer science and made a great contribution to cutting-edge research in various areas, especially in security, secure computing, and quantum computation through establishing innovative fundamental theories for computation and communication. His achievements are continuing to inf...
CARTA: Human Origins and Humanity’s Future: Past Present and Future of the Anthropocene with Mark Moffett Charles Kennel and Martin Rees
April 04, 2022 21:00 - 50 minutes - 23.4 MBSpeakers Mark Moffett, Charles Kennel and Martin Rees discuss humanity's past, present and future of the Anthropocene. Moffett examines the effects of the most aggressive ants on the environment, arguing that certain invasive species resemble humans in their capacity for global conquest and environmental destructiveness. Kennel speaks about the connections between past and present human exploitation of the environment, the coming crisis of the Anthropocene and what we humans can do to allevia...
CARTA: Human Origins and Humanity’s Future: Past Present and Future of the Anthropocene with V. Ramanathan Nancy Knowlton and David (Jonah) Western
March 31, 2022 21:00 - 52 minutes - 24 MBSpeakers V. Ramanathan, Nancy Knowlton and Jonah Western discuss humanity's past, present and future of the Anthropocene. Veerabhadran Ramanathan has had the privilege and pleasure of collaborating with Paul Crutzen for more than 40 years. Crutzen is one of the most creative, innovative and original geo-scientists of his generation. Nancy Knowlton speaks on how the ocean is enormous, indeed so large that for centuries we assumed there was nothing we could do to substantially harm it. Unfortun...
CARTA: Ancient DNA and Human Evolution – Brenna Henn: The Origins of Modern Humans in Africa
March 30, 2022 21:00 - 19 minutes - 8.86 MBBrenna Henn (Stony Brook Univ) explores patterns of genetic diversity across Africa and models for modern human origins in this talk. She discusses whether genetic data is concordant with archaeological data and suggests directions for future research. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 30979]
Centering the Environmental Impact of Computing in CS Teaching and Research - Exploring Ethics
March 29, 2022 21:00 - 33 minutes - 15.7 MBWith relentless focus on scalability and innovation, how does society navigate the environmental impact of our global computing needs? George Porter, PhD, shares a path forward with an emphasis on how we teach students about computer science and how we design and build networked systems. Series: "Exploring Ethics" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 37317]
CARTA: Human Origins and Humanity’s Future: Past Present and Future of the Anthropocene on The Oceans and the Anthropocene with Nancy Knowlton
March 28, 2022 21:00 - 15 minutes - 7.19 MBThe ocean is enormous, indeed so large that for centuries we assumed that there was nothing we could do to substantially harm it. Unfortunately, we now know that this is not true. We are having success on some fronts, such as saving species from extinction, protecting ocean waters, fishing more sustainably, and restoring damaged ecosystems by replanting critical species and reducing pollution. Even actions on land, such as removing dams from rivers and rats from islands, can make an important...
Excavating Ground Truth in AI: Epistemologies and Politics in Training Data with Kate Crawford
March 27, 2022 21:00 - 56 minutes - 26.6 MBThe last decade has seen a dramatic capture of digital material for machine learning production. This data is the basis for sense-making in AI, not as classical representations of the world with individual meaning, but as mass collections: ground truth for machine abstractions and operations. What happens when data is seen as an aggregate, stripped of context, meaning, and specificity? In what ways does training data limit what and how machine learning systems interpret the world? And most im...
CARTA: Human Origins and Humanity’s Future: Past Present and Future of the Anthropocene on How Humans Evolved the Capacity to Change the Entire Planet with Leslie Aiello
March 22, 2022 21:00 - 21 minutes - 10.3 MBThe human capacity to change the planet is not something new, but is rooted in our deep evolutionary past. One of the hallmarks of humans is our large brain size, which began to expand about 2 million years ago. This expansion did not come without consequences, and two are particularly important. The first is the additional energy requirements needed to fuel this larger brain size together with the concomitant life history factors such as shorter inter birth intervals, more dependent offspri...
Blastoids: Shaping the Mammalian Embryo for Implantation - Nicolas Rivron: Breaking News in Stem Cells
March 20, 2022 21:00 - 59 minutes - 28.2 MBNicolas Rivron, PhD, shares his lab's work to better understand healthy embryo development. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 37672]
CARTA: Human Origins and Humanity’s Future: Past Present and Future of the Anthropocene on The Domestication of Crops and the Anthropocene with Michael Purugganan
March 18, 2022 21:00 - 23 minutes - 11.1 MBDomesticated species of crops are an interesting group of organisms that have co-evolved with Homo sapiens, and have been important in human survival and fitness. We trace the origin and spread of these domesticated crop species over the last 12,000 years, discussing both their impacts on human society as well as to the climate and human evolution. We will also present the challenges in modern agriculture and food security. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthrop...
CARTA: Awareness of Death and Personal Mortality: Implications for Anthropogeny:Human Mortality Denial and Terror Management Theory
March 18, 2022 21:00 - 19 minutes - 8.93 MBSheldon Solomon explores how humans manage the terror of death, and the larger implications of this quest for immortality via death denial. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 32056]
CARTA: Human Origins and Humanity’s Future: Past Present and Future of the Anthropocene on We Alone: How Humans Have Conquered the Planet and Can Also Save It with David (Jonah) Western
March 16, 2022 21:00 - 17 minutes - 8.1 MBConservation is common to all societies which learned to live within ecosystem limits. In breaking the evolutionary and biological straight-jackets constricting other species, we became the ultimate multi-niche free-ranging species. Our rise to global conquest and ecological emancipation from nature through domestication and manufacturing expanded conservation for survival to saving whales, elephants, the Acropolis and Mona Lisa. The universal rules for overcoming a tragedy of the commons loc...
CARTA: Human Origins and Humanity’s Future: Past Present and Future of the Anthropocene on Honoring Paul Crutzen A Personal Appreciation with V. Ramanathan
March 16, 2022 21:00 - 20 minutes - 9.26 MBVeerabhadran Ramanathan has had the privilege and pleasure of collaborating with Paul Crutzen for more than 40 years. During the year 2000, when he announced to the world about his Anthropocene concept, Crutzen and Ramanathan were in the midst of a major field study on Atmospheric Clouds over the Indian Ocean. Crutzen is one of the most creative, innovative and original geo-scientists of his generation. Ramanathan describes the Anthropocene using the lens of a climate scientist. He concludes ...
A New Measure: The Revolutionary Quantum Reform of the Modern Metric System
March 15, 2022 21:00 - 1 hour - 40.4 MBThe International System of Units (the SI), the modern metric system, has recently undergone its most revolutionary change since its origins during the French Revolution. The nature of this revolution is that all of the base units of the SI are now defined by fixing values of natural constants. Our measurement system is now, both philosophically and practically, strongly quantum. Nobel Prize recipient William Phillips, Ph.D., a Distinguished University and College Park Professor of Physics a...
CARTA: Human Origins and Humanity’s Future: Past Present and Future of the Anthropocene on The Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases with Vanessa Ezenwa
March 14, 2022 21:00 - 12 minutes - 5.82 MBClimate change is one of the hallmarks of the Anthropocene. Rising global temperatures are having profound effects on ecosystems and the organisms that inhabit them, including disease-causing organisms such as viruses, bacteria, and parasitic worms. However, much less is known about the potential for infectious agents to contribute to changes in climate. Many infectious agents have the potential to affect greenhouse gas emissions via effects on their hosts. In her talk, Vanessa Ezenwa explore...
Computer Vision and Deep Learning: Facts and Myths
March 13, 2022 21:00 - 29 minutes - 13.7 MBDr. B.S. Manjunath, distinguished professor in the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering at UC Santa Barbara, discusses the use of computer video technology to assist with visual analysis of issues like human stress and disease, methane gas release, and underwater mapping. He also discusses what we know about human vision, how it works compared to how computer vision works. Series: "GRIT Talks" [Science] [Show ID: 37871]
CARTA: Human Origins and Humanity’s Future: Past Present and Future of the Anthropocene on Potential Utopian and Dystopian Futures with Martin Rees
March 12, 2022 21:00 - 18 minutes - 8.48 MBThis century is the first in Earth's history when the catastrophic threats to the entire planet can be induced by one species, humans. We have an ever-heavier collective footprint on the planet. We’re empowered by ever more powerful technologies that can be hugely beneficial, but which if misapplied could trigger calamitous setbacks to civilization. Such events could be global: we’re so interconnected that no continent would be unscathed. It’s an ethical indictment of humanity that the gap be...
Time Einstein and the Coolest Stuff in the Universe
March 11, 2022 21:00 - 1 hour - 41.1 MBAt the beginning of the 20th century, Einstein changed the way we think about time. Now, early in the 21st century, the measurement of time is being revolutionized by the ability to cool a gas of atoms to temperatures millions of times lower than any naturally occurring temperature in the universe. Nobel Prize recipient William Phillips, Ph.D., a Distinguished University and College Park Professor of Physics at the University of Maryland, talks about laser cooling and ultracold atoms and ho...
CARTA: Human Origins and Humanity’s Future: Past Present and Future of the Anthropocene on The Coming Crisis of the Anthropocene with Charles Kennel
March 10, 2022 21:00 - 14 minutes - 6.79 MBConnections between past and present human exploitation of the environment, the coming crisis of the Anthropocene and what we humans can do to alleviate the crisis. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 37773]
CARTA: Human Origins and Humanity’s Future: Past Present and Future of the Anthropocene on Ants and the Anthropocene with Mark Moffett
March 09, 2022 21:00 - 18 minutes - 8.65 MBThis talk considers the effects of the most aggressive ants on the environment, arguing that certain invasive species resemble humans in their capacity for global conquest and environmental destructiveness. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 37772]
Epithelial Stem Cells and Combined Cell and Gene Therapy - Breaking News in Stem Cells
March 05, 2022 21:00 - 1 hour - 33.7 MBMichele De Luca, MD, shares his research in gene therapy for epidermolysis bullosa and cell therapy for ocular burns. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 37671]
Taking the Fork in the Road: Adventures in the Origins of Biodiversity
February 23, 2022 21:00 - 25 minutes - 11.9 MBDr. Todd Oakley, evolutionary biologist and professor in the Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology at UC Santa Barbara, discusses his research on the evolutionary origins of complex features, like eyes, bioluminescence, and nervous systems. Series: "GRIT Talks" [Science] [Show ID: 37868]
Brain Organoids and Robotics / AI - Sanford Stem Cell Symposium
February 20, 2022 21:00 - 1 hour - 41.7 MBA model of human cortical development could be used to instruct novel computational learning approaches. Alysson Muotri, Phd, Sujeeth Bharadwaj, PhD, Weiwei Yang, and Gabrial Silva, MSc, PhD, discuss the promise, the problems, and the potential when biology and artificial intelligence meet. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 37556]
Evolution of Genome Instability in Cancer with Don Cleveland - Sanford Stem Cell Symposium
February 19, 2022 21:00 - 27 minutes - 13.4 MBDon Cleveland, PhD, shares new research on the role of chromothripsis, targeting cancers driven by ecDNA and more. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 37586]
Genomics - Sanford Stem Cell Symposium
February 16, 2022 21:00 - 1 hour - 34.4 MBDan Kaufman, MD, PhD, David Traver, PhD, Gene Yeo, PhD, MBA, discuss the impact of genomics in relation to stell cell research including potential therapeutics for MDS and the role of the somite in hematopoietic stem cell fate. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 37561]
RNA Binding Proteins: A Splicing Story in IPSC Models of MDS with Gene Yeo - Sanford Stem Cell Symposium
February 14, 2022 21:00 - 26 minutes - 13.2 MBThere are at least 2,500 proteins that bind RNA. Gene Yeo, PhD, MBA, explains how his lab studies these RNA binding proteins and their impact on human health. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 37589]
Data Mining in Epic with Judy Faulkner - Sanford Stem Cell Symposium
February 13, 2022 21:00 - 15 minutes - 7.88 MBHow can electronic medical records be used to improve patient care and outcomes? Epic Systems Judy Faulkner explains how data systems are being used to analyze trends in healthcare, COVID-19 protocols, cancer rates and more. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Science] [Show ID: 37563]
Bioengineering Stem Cells - Sanford Stem Cell Symposium
February 12, 2022 21:00 - 59 minutes - 28.3 MBHow are stem cells being used in regenerative medicine? Adam Engler, PhD, Sharon Gerecht, PhD, Laura Niklason, MD, PhD, and Jordan Miller, PhD, explain the promising research as well as the challenges. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 37555]
Anti-Social Computing: Discussing Challenges for Social Media and Society - Exploring Ethics
February 10, 2022 21:00 - 19 minutes - 9.17 MBSocial media content ranges from benign to traumatizing - but who is responsible for deciding what is appropriate for a given audience? Kristen Vaccaro, PhD, examines the history of content moderation, current practices, and future models. Series: "Exploring Ethics" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 37316]
An Information Theoretic Approach to Learning with Sujeeth Bharadwaj
February 08, 2022 21:00 - 19 minutes - 9.73 MBWhy is machine learning looking to biology for inspiration? Sujeeth Bharadwaj, PhD shares how an information theoretic approach to learning moves research forward. Series: "Sanford Stem Cell Symposium" [Science] [Show ID: 37778]
Stem Cells and Space - Sanford Stem Cell Symposium
February 07, 2022 21:00 - 26 minutes - 12.8 MBErik Viirre, MD, PhD, Christopher Mason, PhD, Jana Stoudemire, and Brinda Rana, MD, discuss how what we learn from space flight could impact terrestrial health as well as the health of future astronauts. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 37559]
An Alternate Approach to Collectively Solving Intelligence: Machine Learning to Artificial Intelligence with Weiwei Yang
February 05, 2022 21:00 - 17 minutes - 8.83 MBWhat is the relationship between machine learning and artificial intelligence? Where do they overlap and how can they compliment each other to further our understanding of ourselves and the world around us? Weiwei Yang explains the path forward for AI and how we can observe and measure the process of learning in the biological world to enhance AI. Series: "Sanford Stem Cell Symposium" [Science] [Show ID: 37779]
Drivers of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Aging with Jennifer Trowbridge - Sanford Stem Cell Symposium
February 03, 2022 21:00 - 30 minutes - 14.9 MBHow can we improve the number of years we can live healthy lives? Jennifer Trowbridge, PhD, shares her recent work looking at hematopoietic stem cell aging. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 37590]
Truly Biodegradable Plastic
February 02, 2022 21:00 - 3 minutes - 1.67 MBUC Berkeley’s Ting Xu and her students have come up with one solution for the global problem of single-use plastics: embed enzymes in the plastic, so that once the bag or cup is no longer wanted, it will self-destruct with a little heat and water. Series: "UC Berkeley News" [Science] [Show ID: 37840]
Organoids May Have Just the Right Amount of Complexity to Make Sense of the Brain with Gabriel Silva
January 31, 2022 21:00 - 21 minutes - 10.8 MBHow can we better study the complexities of the brain? Gabriel Silva explains how organoids may be the best way to understand the brain's biologic algorithms. Series: "Sanford Stem Cell Symposium" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 37780]
Decoding the Molecular Cues That Regulate Hematopoietic Stem Cell Specification: Four Roles of the Somite with David Traver - Sanford Stem Cell Symposium
January 24, 2022 21:00 - 44 minutes - 21.1 MBHow are hematopoietic stem cells born during the development of the vertebrate embryo? David Traver, PhD explains his work with zebrafish to understand these processes and the role of the somite in instruction of these cells. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 37588]
Expanding the Design Space of Engineered Living Tissues - Sanford Stem Cell Symposium
January 21, 2022 21:00 - 19 minutes - 9.78 MBIf we can build living tissue whose form is patterned off natural organs, will it have the same function? Jordan Miller, PhD discusses the design space of engineered living tissues and the challenges presented. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 37581]
How Ebola Informs the Fight Against COVID-19 - Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2: A Global Collaboration - Breaking News in Stem Cells
January 17, 2022 21:00 - 58 minutes - 28.1 MBUsing a global collaboration established to find antibodies to fight Ebola, scientists have joined together to discover treatments for COVID-19. Erica Ollmann Saphire, Phd, of the La Jolla Institute for Immunology, shares how this collaboration, known as CoVIC, furthers science and public health while creating a template for rapid discovery. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 37669]
Vascular Differentiation and Assembly with Sharon Gerecht - Sanford Stem Cell Symposium
January 15, 2022 21:00 - 20 minutes - 10.5 MBSharon Gerecht, PhD, explains how the microenvironment regulates vascular fate in assembly. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 37579]