HVAC School - For Techs, By Techs

Ductless Installation P1 - Application and Drains

In this episode I speak with a highly experienced ductless installer and service professional Jesse Claerbout, He shares some best practices regarding application analysis and some common pitfalls... ESPECIALLY with drains and condensate pumps. 

Ductless Installation P1 - Application and Drains

Bryan and Jesse talk in detail about ductless applications we commonly see, best system placement, drains, and much more. Ductless systems are unique, and their compact nature makes them a good choice for several small, controlled applications. These applications are in climate-controlled garages, lanais (sunrooms), and master bedrooms. In Florida, lanais are the primary application for ductless units, especially due to codes that regulate HVAC systems in lanais. When installing a ductle...

Combustion Basics w/ Benoit

In this episode with BENOÎT MONGEAU we talk about the components of combustion and what to consider when testing combustion on a fuel burning appliance.  

Combustion Basics w/ Benoit

In this episode with BENOÎT MONGEAU, we talk about the components of combustion and what to consider when testing it on a fuel-burning appliance. Combustion requires fuel, oxygen, and a heat source in a correct balance. We call that series of requirements the "combustion triangle." Once combustion occurs, it is self-sustaining. However, removing one element of the triangle will end combustion. (For example, you could suffocate a flame by removing the oxygen content.) Undesirable consequenc...

HVAC Ridealong - Leak Detection, Repair & New Smart Probes

In this episode Justin talks about his first A/C repair of the season, his old combustion analyser and why he is enjoying the Testo Smart Probes his just got

What Circuit to Break, Makeup Air, Chiller & Boiler Startups and More - HVAC Tech RideAlong

Pumping Away and More w/ Dan Holohan

Dan Holohan speaks to Bryan about his background and journey as a writer. He also dives into his book, Pumping Away, and describes classic hydronics as he does in his book. Bryan and Dan also briefly discuss the difference between search and research. Dan is a prolific writer, and one of his most famous works is The Lost Art of Steam Heating. However, this episode primarily focuses on Pumping Away: And Other Really Cool Piping Options for Hydronic Systems. Although Dan has retired, his dau...

Why Maintenance Agreements Matter and How to Make Them Work w/ Ruth King

In this episode, Ruth King shares some of her top insights on how to create a maintenance program if you don't have one. She teaches us to recognize a broken program and fix it. The maintenance component of your company will be the part of your business that allows you to grow your business profitably. If you don't believe in maintenance agreements, your customers won't believe in those maintenance agreements either. Without maintenance agreements, your company will have sharply different ...

Profitability and Money Leaks in HVAC w/ Ruth King

In this episode, Ruth breaks down some of the main things an A/C contractor needs to consider when looking at their numbers and some of the major leaks that can lead to unprofitability. Profit and loss (P&L) statements are critical for determining the profitability of your business. You can use it to find money "leaks" in your business model. When making P&L statements, ensure that the revenue AND costs for a given product are in the same month for best accuracy. Most small businesses do...

Should I Start My Own Business? w/ Tersh Blissette

Tersh and Bryan were both techs working for other companies when they started their own businesses. This episode is a look back at what they got right, what they got wrong, and the top things that have worked over the years. In general, there are two types of HVAC business owners: the sales/business type and the technical type. Bryan and Tersh are both of the technical variety. These types of owners may be less familiar with the ownership and business organization side. Many current techni...

Test Instruments Past, Present & Future w/ Jim Bergmann

In this episode, Bryan speaks with Jim Bergmann of Redfish Instruments about his path to being a test instruments business owner. He has also worked with Testo and has teaching experience under his belt. In the past, test instruments were low-resolution and often inaccurate. Many HVAC techs of the past based all of their knowledge on inaccurate measurements. We also didn't use many of the best practices we use today. For example, technicians used tap water for sling psychrometers, not dist...

Condensing Temperature, Condenser Split and Subcool

In this podcast, Bryan talks about condensing temperature, condenser split, and subcooling. All three of the values are proportional. If one changes, all three of them will change. Saturation is also a critical concept that relates to all three of those, so we also cover those relationships. As you remember, a condenser rejects heat and turns vapor refrigerant back into a liquid. Condensing temperature is the saturation temperature at which the refrigerant changes from vapor to liquid; i...

Air Flow - Latent, Sensible, WB, DB, RH and Static

In this episode, Bryan talks a bit about the air side of the system. Understanding airflow is all about seeing the relationship between readings. We cover latent and sensible heat, relative humidity, wet and dry-bulb temperatures, and static pressure. Latent and sensible heat refer to heat that we can feel (sensible) or heat that contributes to a phase change and cannot be felt (latent). Both latent and sensible heat have a major impact on equipment sizing, especially in coastal regions an...

New Series Pilot - HVAC Tech Ride Along W/ Justin Skinner

In this first episode of a new series Justin talks about the calls he is doing before and after he does them, giving us a look inside the van of a senior HVAC tech. 

Hard Start Kits, Staybrite #8, Motor Ratings, AHR and Much More

In this episode of the HVAC School Podcast, we talk about some cool technologies and controversial tools. Joe Shearer joins us to talk about hard start kits. Some people believe that hard start kits are only suitable for one-time use, but Joe and Bryan believe that there's a lot more to it than that. If hard start kits are high-quality, then you could leave it on. However, if a unit has a hard-shutoff TXV, then it absolutely needs a hard start kit. Many techs are still hesitant about using...

Low Ambient, Condenser Flooding, and Headmaster Valves

In this podcast episode, Jeremy Smith comes on the podcast to talk about low-ambient controls, headmaster valves, charging, and condenser flooding. If our head pressure drops too much, we won't get enough of a pressure drop across the TXV. Pressures dictate the TXV function, so we need to make sure our systems give that valve what it needs to operate correctly. Three pressures operate a TXV: bulb pressure, spring pressure, and evaporator pressure. However, pressures throughout the system c...

Low Ambient, Condenser Flooding and Headmaster Valves

Jeremy Smith talks Motormaster valves, fan cycling, slit condenser charging and much more...  Read the companion tech tip here

Bonus - How Sibling Rivalry Built an Empire

Bryan takes a break from the technical talk and tells a quick story about how two brothers fueled an industry and created an empire with raw sibling rivalry. Bryan co-owns a family business, and we understand that many people in this trade work with family, so we hope you'll enjoy this story. Many of us are competitive, and nobody enjoys failing. We especially try to avoid failing in front of our family members. However, the drive to succeed and avoid failure can sometimes get a bit out of...

Chiller Talk for the Chillerphobic

In this episode, we talk with Jeff Nieman about chillers and how they work. For those of you who primarily work in residential or light commercial HVAC, chillers may be unfamiliar at best and terrifying at worst. However, centrifugal chillers' parts are actually quite similar to those of HVAC units. They have an evaporator, compressor, condenser, metering device, and control system, just like the HVAC units we see every day. Jeff believes that breaking a chiller down into its parts is the ...

Leak Detection Mindset

In this episode, Bryan and Bert talk about properly stripping cables and leak detection best practices. Bert is a senior technician and self-proclaimed leak detection expert. As a slight aside, Bert CAN'T STAND when technicians strip wires. Basically, his advice is NOT to cut around the wires or use a razor knife. Leak detection starts when you walk up to a unit and confirm that the unit is low on refrigerant. Typically, you hook up gauges and check the five pillars. You will particular...

Recovery, Evacuation and Dehydration Facts

In this episode we talk the ins and outs of recovery evacuation and dehydration best practices 

Recovery, Evacuation, and Dehydration Facts

n this episode, Bryan covers evacuation, recovery, and dehydration. Evacuation refers to putting a vacuum pump on the system and pulling it down. We use a few different measures of vacuum, including inches of mercury ("Hg) or microns (millionths of a meter of mercury). We use such small units to measure a vacuum that effectively boils off moisture in the system. You must pull the vacuum very close to a perfect vacuum. So, a measurement of 500 microns indicates that the vacuum is 500 micron...

Building a Great HVAC Business w/ Bob Gee

In this episode, Bryan talks to Business and Sales Trainer Bob Gee about HVAC business practices. Bob has watched sales and leadership evolve a lot over the years. Today, success in sales depends on your abilities to build relationships with the customers. You're no longer "selling" things; you are "helping people buy" things. Instead of pushing products to people, it's best to "ask your way into a sale" and prioritize a customer's wants and needs. There is also a stark difference between ...

Combustion Analysis w/ Stephen Rardon

In this episode, Bryan talks to YouTube star Stephen Rardon about combustion analysis. In Florida, we mostly have A/C units and heat pumps. High-efficiency furnaces are not in our wheelhouse, but furnaces are more like A/C units than you would imagine. Stephen Rardon makes some excellent comparisons between the two. For example, you can get an idea of how an A/C system is running without checking superheat and subcooling. With a gas furnace, you can get an idea of how it's running withou...

Circuit Board Diagnosis Basics

In this unedited episode of HVAC School, Bryan and Nathan talk about some basic rules for circuit board diagnosis. So, circuit boards are boards with circuits in them. They come in two types. The traditional printed variety contains switches, relays, and resistors. The other type contains silicon chips and uses logic and processing inside the boards. You may notice these in some high-end commercial systems (EMS), but we rarely see them in residential HVAC. The diagnostic challenges come ...

High-Efficiency Furnace Basics & Maintenance

Benoit Mongeau comes on the podcast to talk about high-efficiency gas furnace basics and maintenance practices.  When maintaining a high-efficiency gas furnace, you typically don’t have to worry about cleanliness in the same way you’d worry about an oil furnace. However, condensate drains need regular cleaning. You’ll want to look for cracked heat exchangers and pay attention to your manifold gas pressure. We also have to check the temperature rise, also sometimes called delta T. Bypass ...

High Efficiency Furnace Basics & Maintenance

Bryan talks to Ben from Canada about gas furnace basics as well as high-efficiency furnace basics and maintenance. 

Cutting Compressors, iManifold and Thermal Imaging w/ Ulises Palacios

In this episode I get Ulises Palacios on the phone and we talk about some of the things he has been up to. Specifically the iManifold / Bluvac integration, cutting compressors open and thermal imaging. 

Cutting Compressors, iManifold, and Thermal Imaging w/ Ulises Palacios

In this episode of HVAC School, Bryan talks with Ulises Palacios about some cool technology. Ulises has become a technology expert through his many years of working with new tools. He has recently been involved in testing new technologies, and he has worked with Jim Bergmann. Cutting open a compressor is one of the most useful diagnostic tools you can use on a failed compressor. It is also an excellent way to learn more about your equipment. They help quite often with burnouts and mechan...

Heat Pumps, reversing Valves and Defrost

In this episode Bryan talks about heat pumps, reversing valves, defrost, common issues, checking charge in heat mode and diagnosing the dreaded bypassing reversing valve. 

Heat Pumps, Reversing Valves and Defrost

In this episode of HVAC School, Bryan covers the basics of heat pumps. Heat pumps are common technologies in Florida. They reverse the sequence of the typical refrigerant circuit: the indoor coil can become the condenser, and the outdoor coil can become the evaporator. Heat pumps can achieve that transition via a reversing valve, which changes the directions of the suction and discharge lines. They also have two metering devices. Reversing valves contain a solenoid (typically 24v) that r...

Relays, Sequencers, Transformers and Questionable Metaphors

In this episode, Bryan and Nathan have a banter-filled conversation about electrical components that confuse techs. If you are looking for a serious educational episode, we suggest you look elsewhere. Low-voltage circuits may confuse the new technician because the "common" terminology is far too common in the circuit. (See how confusing it sounds in everyday use? We don't have to say "common this," "common that," but we do.) Single-phase power can also be confounding for technicians. One...

Some High Voltage Electrical Basics

This podcast is a high voltage A/C electrical class that Bryan gave to some of the Kalos apprentices. The high voltage journey begins with basic electrical theory. Basically, a difference in charge is needed for electrons to move and generate power. Motors, which are inductive loads, are the greatest users of power that we will encounter in the field. Inductive loads generate magnetism and utilize alternating current (AC) power. AC power is generated by a rotating magnetic field, and the...

Some High Voltage Electrical Basics

In this episode we talk through some electrical basics. Including potential difference, motor leads, capacitor basics and much more. 

Gas Furnace Sequence of Operation w/ Justin Skinner

In this episode, Bryan talks to Justin Skinner about the standard gas furnace sequence of operation. Regardless of the furnace type, it all begins with a heat call on W... Then, the furnace checks the safeties to make sure ignition is possible and safe. If all systems are a go, the inducer motor comes on and clears a path for the exhaust. The furnace then proves that the path for the flue is clear, and a pressure switch closes upon sensing a pressure differential. The miracle of ignition...

Prepping Non-techs for Winter

Central Florida techs know the Southern winter all too well. Let's face it. It doesn't get super cold here regularly, but when it does, EVERYONE FREAKS. We get an abundance of service calls for unpleasant but not truly problematic conditions when people use their heaters. When people first turn on their heat, they can get a nasty surprise: a horrible dirty-sock smell and sometimes a shrieking smoke alarm. These are normal, albeit unpleasant, and do not require a service call. Another unple...

Some Refrigeration Thoughts for A/C Techs

In this episode of the HVAC School Podcast, Bryan talks with Jeremy Smith about refrigeration tips, terms and processes. They also cover the similarities and differences between A/C and refrigeration. Being on-call as an A/C tech is not all that different from being on-call as a refrigeration tech. Similarly, the principles of heat transfer don't change between the A/C and refrigeration trades. Both trades follow the same basic rules, but all of those valves, adjustments, and tuning on rac...

Flow Nitrogen Great Again

In this episode of the HVAC School Podcast, Bryan talks with Tim Bagnall about flowing nitrogen. Many techs don't flow nitrogen. Some may say that it is overkill, but it has been shown that flowing nitrogen displaces oxygen while brazing and prevents harmful scale from forming on the copper. Scale is very problematic, and it will likely ruin your copper lines if you keep those lines open to air. (The jury is still out as to whether climate/geography affect scale formation, though.) There...

There is More to Check

In this episode, Bryan goes back over the basics and stresses the importance of diagnosing the whole system. I'll cut to the chase: inspection is NOT overrated. Inspections help you become more familiar with HVAC systems and can help you catch on to minor issues before they spiral out of control. Check air filters, check the charge, check the evaporator coil... does the inspection checklist ever end? Whether you see crunchy brown contactors or oil on the lines, none of those issues are t...

Replacing a Compressor from Start to Finish

In this podcast episode, Bryan goes over best practices for diagnosing and replacing an A/C or refrigeration compressor.  When testing for a shorted compressor, make sure the compressor is isolated from all of its circuitry. You would see low ohms to ground in a shorted compressor. Do NOT measure from winding to winding or terminal to terminal to diagnose a short. You may also come across an open winding failure. In the case of an open compressor, the power is going to the compressor, bu...

The 5 Readings Every Tech Must Know Well

In this episode of HVAC School, Bryan covers the "5 pillars of refrigerant circuit diagnosis" and why they matter. They are: Superheat Subcool Suction pressure Head pressure Air temp split (delta T) These 5 readings give you a holistic idea of the A/C system. Instead of getting hooked on checking only superheat and subcool all the time and dismissing potential diagnoses, you can use these five readings to get an idea of the health of several parts of the system. Making it a priorit...

Basic Electrical Theory

In this episode of HVAC School, Bryan talks to his sons about basic electrical theory. Electrical theory normally requires trigonometry, calculus, and all of those fun maths. However, the basics are so easy that a 12 and 14-year old can figure it out. Electrical theory follows many of the same principles as thermodynamics—however, electrical theory concerns charges rather than heat. Conductors and insulators behave similarly with electrical charges as they do with heat. Ohm's and Watt's ...

Basic electrical Theory

In this episode of HVAC School, we talk BASIC electrical theory. Ohm's law, Watt's law, inductive vs. resistive loads, inductive reactance, loads, switches and circuits and more... 

Diagnosis, Reconfirmation, Parts Changers and You

This Episode of HVAC School is a meeting I had highlighting a mistake we made in our business and going over how to be both a good and profitable technician even in the slow season. 

Diagnosis, Reconfirmation, Parts Changers, and You

This episode of HVAC School is a Kalos meeting where Bryan talks to his team about an incident where a leak was erroneously detected on the evaporator coil. The system was three months old, and one of our junior techs diagnosed a leak on the evaporator coil. (What?? That never happens!) So, the customer was quoted for a new evaporator coil. One week later, the charge was low again. The junior technician quoted the customer for more refrigerant charge and leak detection. The customer freake...

The Basic Refrigeration Circuit

In this episode of the HVAC School Podcast we talk about the basic refrigerant circuit, the compressor, Condenser, metering device, evaporator and lines. 

The Basic Refrigeration Circuit

In this episode of HVAC School, we discuss the entire basic refrigerant/compression refrigeration circuit. We are in the business of moving heat. Heat refers to motion in the molecules. Temperature is the average velocity of those molecules. Heat needs a temperature differential to move. So, HVAC systems absorb heat when the refrigerant is colder than the ambient temperature. They reject heat when the refrigerant is hotter than the ambient temperature. Remember the components and their f...

Solder Rings, Thermal Imaging and My Grouchy Brother

This episode of HVAC School is a conversation on the merits and faults of embracing new products. We talk about Brazing with Solder Rings, Thermal Imaging, Micron Gauges, Flowing Nitrogen and why you shouldn't hire techs named Todd. 

Solder Rings, Thermal Imaging and My Grouchy Brother

In this episode of HVAC School, I talk with my brother Nathan... and he whines a lot about cool tools I like. As you might have guessed, Nathan is in the camp of people who believe that proper training promotes good practices; fancy tools won't make an outstanding tech. Even though I respectfully disagree with him on some things, he has a point. Tools will only be useful if a tech knows how to use them. They should make your life easier, but they shouldn't have much bearing on performance....

The Basics of Moving Heat

In this episode of HVAC School, Bryan talks to some apprentices about basic thermodynamics. That is the fancy scientific way of saying that we're moving heat. The way we think of "hot" and "cold" is relative to our comfort. However, the scientific concepts of "hot" and "cold" are very different from our relative understandings of those qualities. For instance, there is only ONE value of "cold" in the universe: absolute zero (0 kelvins, -460°F). Any temperature above that contains heat. H...