Commonwealth Club of California Podcast
1,913 episodes - English - Latest episode: 3 months ago - ★★★★ - 273 ratingsThe Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's largest public affairs forum. The nonpartisan and nonprofit Club produces and distributes programs featuring diverse viewpoints from thought leaders on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast — the oldest in the U.S., since 1924 — is carried on hundreds of stations. Our website features audio and video of our programs. This podcast feed is usually updated multiple times each week.
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Episodes
CLIMATE ONE: Housing Density as a Climate Lever with Scott Wiener
February 24, 2023 08:01 - 55 minutesThe lack of affordable housing in the U.S. has contributed to a homelessness crisis and has forced people to move farther away from urban centers. Inevitably, that increases car travel and emissions. One solution is to increase density in areas where jobs and infrastructure exist to accommodate more people. But some aren’t comfortable with the idea of their neighborhoods growing, and building multi-story apartments in urban cores usually costs more per square foot than one or two-story houses...
SFPD Homicide Inspector Frank Falzon: 5-HENRY-7
February 22, 2023 19:51 - 1 hourFrank Falzon investigated more than 300 murder cases during his 22-year career as a San Francisco homicide inspector using the radio call sign 5-Henry-7. The number 5 designated the Inspectors Bureau, Henry stood in for Homicide, and Falzon was inspector number 7. Working with San Francisco Chronicle reporter Duffy Jennings, Falzon’s new memoir highlights his high-profile cases and the backstory of how his youth, his father’s death at a young age, and his early years as a patrolman shaped his...
The Cultural Relevance Of Food
February 20, 2023 20:01 - 1 hourFood is often used as a means of retaining cultural identity and heritage. Learning about cuisines from various cultures allows us to understand others. With understanding can come acceptance and appreciation. This program brings together Bay Area chefs from various heritages. Soul food Chef Geoff Davis from Burdell, Mexican Chefs Enrique Soriano and Jazmin from Cocina del Corazon, and Indigenous Chefs Louis Trevino and Vincent Medina from Café Ohlone. They will each tell their stories of the...
Week To Week Political Roundtable: February 14, 2023
February 18, 2023 08:00 - 1 hourCome out and celebrate the beginning of the 12th year of The Commonwealth Club's Week to Week Political Roundtable and social hour, which debuted this month 11 years ago. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
CLIMATE ONE: Climate Smart Agriculture with Secretary Tom Vilsack
February 17, 2023 08:01 - 58 minutesAgriculture is responsible for around 11% of U.S. carbon emissions. And yet soil holds the potential for massive carbon sequestration. Conventional agriculture focuses more on crop productivity than soil health, relying on pesticides, fertilizer, and other practices that contribute to climate-changing emissions rather than reduce them. U.S. Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack advocates for a federal initiative focused on supporting “climate smart” agriculture for commodity crops that comprise t...
American Spying Trends After World War II: Transparency to Opacity to Total Secrecy
February 15, 2023 21:23 - 1 hourBefore the Second World War, transparent government was a proud tradition in the United States. After the war, the power to decide what could be kept secret proved too tempting to give up. Since then, we have radically departed from that open tradition, allowing intelligence agencies, black sites, and secret laboratories to grow unchecked. Officials insist that only secrecy can keep us safe, but its true costs have gone unacknowledged for too long. Using the latest techniques in data science,...
Does Technology Development Need a Soul?
February 14, 2023 19:10 - 1 hourNatalie Zeituny is a reality cosmologist and consciousness architect, clairvoyant, energy healer, mystic, generator of ensoulment and international speaker. She is dedicated to innovative applications of reality models that facilitate personal, social, and planetary transformation. As an information systems architect in 2002 she founded NZ Consulting, a management-consulting firm that has successfully advised corporations such as Apple, Yahoo and Safeway on how to meet corporate goals with te...
Creating Citizens Field Trip Series: #1, Not Too Young
February 13, 2023 22:33 - 1 hourCreating Citizens Field Trip Series: #1, Not Too Young Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
CLIMATE ONE: What We’re Watching in Climate Now
February 10, 2023 08:01 - 57 minutes2022 was a banner year for climate – both in terms of climate-fueled disaster and historic federal investments in clean energy, electric vehicles and home electrification. The questions now: How will the programs be implemented ? How will the money be spent – and who will benefit? This week, we examine the coming trends in raw material prices, the impact of the Inflation Reduction Act, new investments in clean tech, tighter rules on pollution and western water negotiations. Guests: Felicia ...
How to Best Age in Place: Creating a Safe and Delightful Home
February 09, 2023 19:48 - 1 hourOur homes are one of the most important contributors to a healthy aging experience. We are all so used to adapting to our environments. We make do with standards even though we all have different bodies and habits. That is easier when we are young, but in older age our homes should fit us like a glove. In this presentation, architect Susi Stadler, executive director of the Bay Area nonprofit At Home With Growing Older, and Candiece Milford, board president of At Home With Growing Older, will ...
Navigating A Turbulent Economy: Annual Economic Forecast 2023
February 07, 2023 22:08 - 1 hourHigh inflation, rising interest rates, sweeping tech layoffs, a crypto meltdown. The recent economic news has been less than encouraging, leading the International Monetary Fund to warn of “storm clouds” descending on the global economy. At the same time, GDP in the United States grew to more than $20 trillion in 2022. The Bay Area, largely thanks to tech, had the fastest growing economy in the United States, with GDP increasing 4.8 percent. The United States is at or near full employment. Wh...
Philip Taubman On George P. Shultz: The Life And Legacy Of A Great Statesman
February 06, 2023 20:22 - 1 hourWhen former Secretary of State George Shultz turned 100, he published a piece in the Washington Post on what he had learned over his long career. “Trust is the coin of the realm,” he wrote. “If it is present, anything is possible. If it is absent, nothing is possible.” Three U.S. presidents put their trust in Shultz’s abilities, including Ronald Reagan, who tasked him to improve Cold War relations with the Soviet Union. Shultz, who died in 2021, also achieved success in the corporate world an...
CLIMATE ONE: Saket Soni on the People Who Make Disaster Recovery Possible
February 03, 2023 08:01 - 59 minutesWho cleans up and rebuilds our communities after floods, fires, and hurricanes? COVID redefined America's definition of “essential workers,” but many who help communities recover from climate disasters remain underpaid and overlooked. In 2006, labor organizer Saket Soni got an anonymous call from an Indian migrant worker in Mississippi who had scraped together $20,000 to apply for the “opportunity” to rebuild oil rigs after Hurricane Katrina. The caller was only one of hundreds lured into G...
Debbie Chinn's 'Dancing in Their Light: A Daughter's Unfinished Memoir'
February 02, 2023 14:00 - 1 hourDebbie Chinn's primary professional and volunteer career focus on philanthropic work—to heal our society and bridge our cultural differences—was seeded via a 13-generation saga across continents. Dancing in Their Light: A Daughter's Unfinished Memoir is a biographical conversation program exploring the research that bought forth her family’s experiences assimilating in the United States. It is a specifically Chinese American immigration compilation that skillfully weaves together stories of t...
Uncovering Brutality, Cover-Up and Corruption in Oakland
February 01, 2023 20:07 - 1 hourThe killings of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor and the mass protests that followed opened many Americans’ eyes to cases of police brutality and misconduct. But two decades earlier, a civil rights lawsuit against Oakland police brought some of the same issues into focus. The suit alleged that a band of rogue veteran police officers known as "The Riders" beat, kidnapped and planted drugs on Oakland residents. A 2003 settlement led to federal monitoring of the Oakland Police Department, which c...
Congresswoman Jackie Speier: The Exit Interview
January 31, 2023 22:45 - 1 hourCongresswoman Jackie Speier chose to close out her congressional career at the end of 2022 and did not seek another term. Her departure from Congress brings to an end a Bay Area political career that spans more than 40 years in elected office. She represented California's 14th District in the House of Representatives—which includes San Mateo County and a portion of San Francisco County—from 2008 through 2022. Before serving in Congress, Speier was a California State Assembly member and Califo...
Ed Larson: Liberty and Slavery in the Birth of Our Nation
January 28, 2023 00:00 - 1 hourPulitzer Prize-winner Ed Larson returns to The Commonwealth Club with a revealing look at how the twin strands of liberty and slavery were joined in the nation’s founding. New attention from historians and journalists has been raising pointed questions: Was the American revolution waged to preserve slavery? Was the Constitution a pact with slavery, or was it a landmark in the antislavery movement? Leaders who called for American liberty are scrutinized for enslaving Black people themselves, s...
CLIMATE ONE: Blue Carbon: Sinking it in The Sea
January 27, 2023 08:01 - 58 minutesWhen most of us think about using nature to remove carbon dioxide from the air, we think of trees. Yet blue carbon, a new name for storing carbon dioxide in coastal and marine ecosystems where it can no longer trap heat in our atmosphere, may have even greater potential. Salt marshes and mangroves have carbon-capturing capacity that may surpass that of terrestrial forests. Seagrasses, for example, currently cover less than 0.2% of the ocean floor, but store about 10% of the carbon buried in t...
With Honor and Integrity: Transgender Troops Tell Their Stories
January 27, 2023 00:01 - 1 hourOn January 25, 2021, in one of his first acts as president, Joe Biden reversed the Trump administration’s widely condemned ban on transgender people in the military. In With Honor and Integrity, Máel Embser-Herbert and Bree Fram introduce us to the brave individuals who are on the front lines of this issue, assembling a powerful, accessible and heartfelt collection of first-hand accounts from transgender military personnel in the United States. Their eye-opening accounts show us what it is li...
No Straight Lines: How Queer Comics Artists Changed Their World
January 25, 2023 19:23 - 1 hourFrom Peabody Award-winning filmmaker Vivian Kleiman (Color Adjustment) comes an in-depth look at the evolution of queer comics, starting in the 1970s when LGBTQ+ stories were not a part of the popular culture. Through the careers of five scrappy and pioneering cartoonists who depicted everything from the AIDS crisis to “coming out” to same-sex marriage, Kleiman's new film No Straight Lines captures the beginnings of queer comics, from its origins as an underground art form to its progression ...
Brian Wong: The Tao of Alibaba
January 25, 2023 14:43 - 1 hourIf you took the economic might of Amazon, and added the penetration of Facebook, the ubiquity of Google, and the cultural significance of YouTube, you might have something starting to resemble Alibaba. Commonly mischaracterized as a kind of Chinese eBay for businesses, Alibaba and its interlinked network of products and services have exploded into global markets, disrupting conventional businesses, and creating previously unimaginable opportunities for millions of small businesses worldwide. ...
Week To Week Political Roundtable: 2023 Kickoff
January 23, 2023 15:07 - 1 hourJoin us for our first Week to Week political roundtable for the new year, as we look at the impact of the November 2022 election, the relationship between the Biden administration and Congress, plus local and state political news. As always, our panelists will share their expertise with civility and good humor. And come early to enjoy our pre-program members social (open to all attendees) with some wine and snacks. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
How Low-Wage Work Traps Women and Girls in Poverty
January 22, 2023 00:00 - 1 hourThe pandemic put into stark relief the undue burden faced by working poor women in America. Many were laid off or had to quit for COVID-related reasons, such as school closures. Often, they struggled in low-paid jobs as essential workers, while facing greater demands at home. But even in the best of times, women in low-wage industries must cope with daunting challenges. In their new book Getting Me Cheap, sociologists Lisa Dodson and Amanda Freeman argue that the conveniences many Americans e...
Dr. Elissa Epel and Nobel Laureate Dr. Elizabeth Blackburn: Stress, Resilience, and Healthy Aging
January 21, 2023 00:00 - 1 hourDoes stress really age us? Everyone experiences different levels of stress from family, friends, work, or just uncertainty in the world. And while we can’t avoid living with stress, we can learn how to embrace it and transform it. Stress scientist Dr. Elissa Epel and Nobel Prize winner Dr. Elizabeth Blackburn will discuss the latest science on how we age and the role of stress and well-being. They will also address what we can do to improve mental health and slow aging. Hear more on how to de...
CLIMATE ONE: Activism, Art and Environmental Justice
January 20, 2023 08:01 - 59 minutesArt can inspire community and conversation, provide fresh insights into understanding history, and cultivate connection. It can challenge your worldview and shift perspectives. This week we discuss how art and activism can work together to elevate some of the vast inequities that exist between those who benefit from fossil fuel energy and resource extraction and those who suffer its impacts. Guests: Ladonna Williams, Program Director, All Positives Possible Doug Harris, documentary filmmaker...
Getting Justice Right: The Business Case for Second Chance Hiring
January 19, 2023 18:30 - 1 hourJeff Korzenik will be in conversation with Ken Oliver, the executive director of San Francisco-based Checkr Foundation. Oliver leads one of the country’s most important initiatives for encouraging second chance/fair chance hiring within technology and other industries. With perspective gained from his own experience incarcerated in the California prison system, Oliver will question Korzenik on the origins on the business perspective on people involved in the justice system, the barriers to em...
Carter Center's Alexander And Packard's Lindborg: Combating Threats To Democracy
January 17, 2023 20:18 - 1 hourDemocracy is under siege—in the United States and around the globe. Efforts to undermine democracy erode human rights, destabilize governments, and exacerbate global health crises. Join Nancy Lindborg, president and CEO of The David and Lucile Packard Foundation, and Carter Center CEO Paige Alexander for a conversation about the evolving threats to democracy—and a new framework for action to mitigate the risks. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
CLIMATE ONE: REWIND: Coping with Climate through Music
January 13, 2023 08:01 - 54 minutesMusic and social movements have historically gone hand in hand. Folk music played a unifying role for the labor movements in the United States. Music was central to the protests against the Vietnam War and in favor of Civil Rights. As more people become aware of the climate crisis, music is starting to reflect that. But there is still no one song or artist inspiring climate action the way music catalyzed other movements. Why aren’t more musical artists raising the alarm over the growing clima...
'Navalny' Documentary Film Screening And Discussion
January 12, 2023 20:12 - 57 minutesRussian opposition leader Alexei Navalny last reported in November that he had been placed in permanent solitary confinement in the Russian penal colony where he is serving an 11-year sentence. This is just the latest attempt to silence the longtime anti-corruption activist and foe of Vladimir Putin. Navalny was famously hospitalized in 2020 after being poisoned by a Russian-developed nerve agent. The gripping 2022 documentary Navalny chronicles his efforts to investigate his own poisoning ...
CLIMATE ONE: REWIND: Molly Wood on Tech, Money and Survival
January 06, 2023 08:01 - 54 minutesAfter a 20-year career as a tech reporter for CNET, the New York Times, and the public radio program Marketplace, Molly Wood has come to see the climate crisis as an engineering problem requiring an acceleration of investment. And so, after producing the acclaimed climate podcast “How We Survive” for Marketplace, she left that program to begin a new career in venture capital. What are the limits of media in changing human behavior? And what is the role of capital in addressing the climate cri...
CLIMATE ONE: Revisiting The Enablers: The Firms Behind Fossil Fuel Falsehoods
December 30, 2022 08:01 - 56 minutesFor years, fossil fuel companies have claimed to support climate science and policy. Many have recently pledged to hit net zero emissions by midcentury. Yet behind the scenes, they fight those very same policies through industry associations, shadow groups, and lobbying – all while spending vast sums on advertising and PR campaigns touting their climate commitments. This week we focus on the PR and consultancy firms helping fossil fuel companies delay the transition to clean energy while clai...
Addressing HIV/Aids, PREP And STI After The Pandemic
December 24, 2022 04:21 - 1 hourIn what we hope is the late phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, we'll take a look at other long-running issues relating to health care, healthy living, and access to care for the LGBTQ+ community. Our expert panelists for this discussion are leaders in the efforts to reach LGBTQ+ people, informing them and connecting them to appropriate health care services. About the Speakers Dr. Monica Ghandi, M.D., M.P.H., was a recipient of The Commonwealth Club's Distinguished Citizens Award in 2021. She is ...
CLIMATE ONE: This Year in Climate
December 23, 2022 08:01 - 57 minutesRussia’s February invasion of Ukraine sent shockwaves through global energy markets, destabilized international food security, and continues to keep the world wondering whether the war will accelerate the transition to clean energy or lead to renewed dependence on fossil fuels. Climate One hosts Greg Dalton and Ariana Brocious review the top climate stories of the year, from the war’s global impacts, to the passage and signing of the Inflation Reduction Act, to the recent international climat...
Hon. M. Margaret Mckeown: The Environmental Legacy Of Justice William O. Douglas
December 21, 2022 00:29 - 1 hourAn undeniable giant in the legal world, U.S. Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas’s enduring legacy was his advocacy for the environment. He emerged as a true citizen justice through his speeches and articles warning against environmental dangers like logging, highway construction, and pollution. Justice Douglas’ actions were admired by conservation groups but often raised ethical dilemmas among his colleagues at the Supreme Court. Judge M. Margaret McKeown offers an insightful look at th...
Libby Schaaf And Sam Liccardo On The Future Of The Bay Area
December 18, 2022 23:07 - 1 hourWhen Oakland Mayor Libby Schaaf and San José Mayor Sam Liccardo took office in 2015, they knew they would be grappling with issues such as homelessness, a widening income gap, and concerns over gun violence and police reform. They couldn’t have predicted they’d also be dealing with the deadliest pandemic in U.S. history. As Mayors Schaaf and Liccardo both prepare to leave office, we’ll talk with them about their legacies, the future of Bay Area cities, and how leaders can prepare for the unex...
Addressing Youth Mental Health: An Equitable Path Forward
December 16, 2022 22:28 - 1 hourJoin us for an end-of-year discussion with youth activists about mental health. We'll discuss how youth mental heath experiences can lead to mental health advocacy, specifically state-level advocacy and philanthropic funding. Only 2 percent of philanthropic dollars currently goes toward mental health funding, and many youth advocates are calling for more equitable use of philanthropic contributions in mental health initiatives. We'll also discuss how many youth have personal experiences with ...
CLIMATE ONE: Stefan Rahmstorf: 2022 Schneider Award Winner
December 16, 2022 08:01 - 54 minutesEvery year, Climate One grants an award in memory of pioneering climate scientist Steve Schneider, who fiercely took on the denial machine from the 1970s until his death in 2010. This year's recipient is German physicist and ocean expert Dr. Stefan Rahmstorf. Dr. Rahmstorf says we’re running toward a cliff in a fog. What can science tell us where that cliff is – and how to avoid it? In a time of oceanic changes happening at an unprecedented pace, Dr. Rahmstorf exemplifies the rare combinatio...
Mark Millstein, Ph.D.: The Age-Proof Brain
December 14, 2022 21:33 - 1 hourAs American society ages, there is growing concern and interest about the causes of mental decline and how to slow it. However, serious mental decline is not an inevitable part of the aging process, according to popular scientist Dr. Marc Millstein. According to him, people can boost short- and long-term brain health and significantly lower the risk of dementia if the right steps are taken now. In his new book, The Age-Proof Brain, Dr. Milstein reveals his secrets to improving brain function,...
On the Road to a World Without Depression
December 13, 2022 21:31 - 58 minutesAlthough there are many effective treatments for depression, rates of depression are not going down. The National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine have recommended that we implement currently known effective preventive interventions for depression to reduce the number of new cases. This talk will present a personal 50-year path committed to preventing mental disorders and influencing major health-science institutions to implement practices to prevent depression; examples of the...
Inside Perspective on the San Francisco Waterfront and Its Impact Beyond the Bay Area
December 10, 2022 08:00 - 1 hourJoin us for a conversation with Elaine Forbes, the Port of San Francisco's executive director. Forbes will shed light on Port strategy and managing the 7.5. miles of San Francisco's waterfront, and its impact on the economic vitality of the Bay Area and beyond. About the Speaker Elaine Forbes is the executive director of the Port of San Francisco. She is a passionate champion and advocate for the San Francisco waterfront. An innovative and compassionate leader, she has provided a steady hand ...
Andrew Weiss: Who Is Vladimir Putin
December 09, 2022 23:23 - 1 hourWho is Vladimir Putin? In the West’s collective imagination, Putin is a deceitful cartoon villain, constantly plotting to destroy his enemies not only in Ukraine but around the world. But how did a mid-level KGB officer become one of the most powerful leaders in Russian history? In a unique graphic novel format, Russian expert Andrew Weiss chronicles Putin's political rise and reveals the truth behind the persona that Putin has spent his career cultivating. Weiss offers a compelling look at t...
CLIMATE ONE: Green Buildings: Cooking Without Gas
December 09, 2022 08:01 - 1 hourIt’s become common for homeowners to install solar panels to provide themselves with emission-free electricity. But increasingly more attention is being paid to decarbonizing things inside the home – the machines that heat and cool water and air, dry our clothes and cook our food. The Inflation Reduction Act includes many ways for homeowners and renters to start to electrify their lives. And in some places, builders are developing highly efficient, all electric homes from the get-go. What mor...
Julia Morgan
December 08, 2022 22:28 - 1 hourJulia Morgan was a lifelong trailblazer. She was the first woman admitted to study architecture at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris and the first licensed to practice architecture in California. Born in San Francisco and trained in Paris, she developed a distinctive aesthetic that now defines certain regions of California. But only in the last 20 years has her contribution to architecture been fully recognized and celebrated. In 2014, the American Institute of Architects posthumously awarded...
Indivisible: Daniel Webster And The Birth Of American Nationalism
December 08, 2022 22:24 - 1 hourWhen the United States was founded in 1776, its citizens didn’t think of themselves as “Americans.” They were New Yorkers or Virginians or Pennsylvanians. It was decades later that the seeds of American nationalism—identifying with one’s own nation and supporting its broader interests—began to take root. But what kind of nationalism should Americans embrace? The state-focused and racist nationalism of Thomas Jefferson and Andrew Jackson? Or the belief that the U.S. Constitution made all Ameri...
Myths And Facts Of Healthy Aging
December 08, 2022 22:14 - 1 hourDr. Mehrdad Ayati has identified eight critical challenges that currently face the aging population. Join Us at the Club for a discussion on healthy aging and Dr. Ayati’s proposed solutions to these critical challenges. Topics will include global aging trends and demographics, over medications, inappropriate use of vitamins and supplements to stay young, promoting healthy aging rather than just a diagnostic system, and lack of training in health care. Plus, what are the lessons that we have l...
Peter Zeihan: Mapping the Collapse of Globalization
December 08, 2022 21:12 - 1 hourWas 2019 the last great year for the world economy? For generations, everything has been getting faster, better and cheaper. Complex, innovative industries were created to satisfy consumers, but are we at the brink of not being able to sustain ongoing demand? Geopolitical strategist Peter Zeihan asserts it is only a matter of time before major changes will start to unfold that will affect how we manufacture goods, grow food and produce energy. Additionally, the list of countries able to susta...
Humanities West Presents Leonardo The Scientist-Artist
December 08, 2022 01:51 - 1 hourFive centuries after his death, Leonardo Da Vinci is attracting more attention for his art, his science and his mechanical inventiveness than ever. Humanities West celebrates his continuing cultural contributions with an encore presentation of "Leonardo’s Legacy," our February 2019 program, again featuring Martin Kemp, a world-renowned Leonardo scholar, who will treat us this time to his latest research on Leonardo’s study of the science of optics and how that study influenced his artistic cr...
Russ Feingold and Peter Prindiville: The Constitution in Jeopardy
December 07, 2022 21:28 - 1 hourOver the last two decades, a fringe plan to call a convention under the Constitution's amendment mechanism—the nation's first ever—has inched through statehouses. Delegates, like those in Philadelphia two centuries ago, would exercise nearly unlimited authority to draft changes to our fundamental law, potentially altering anything from voting and free speech to regulatory and foreign policy powers. Such a watershed moment would present great danger, and for some, great power. Russ Feingold an...
Mark Shaw: Fighting For Justice For Marilyn Monroe, JFK And Dorothy Kilgallen
December 07, 2022 18:56 - 1 hourBest-selling author Mark Shaw, who has become a magnet for crowdsourced information about Marilyn Monroe, JFK and prominent journalist Dorothy Kilgallen ever since his lectures went viral on YouTube, returns to The Commonwealth Club to share new research about the cover-ups that followed those three celebrities’ deaths. Revealed for the first time in his latest book, Fighting for Justice, is evidence from a still-living legislative aide to a Warren Commission member never identified before th...
Misty Copeland: What I've Learned from My Mentor Raven Wilkinson
December 06, 2022 19:59 - 1 hourIn 2015, Misty Copeland made history and changed the dance world forever when she became the first African-American female principal dancer at the American Ballet Theatre. But as she will tell you, achievements like this never happen in a void. Behind her and supporting her rise was her mentor, Raven Wilkinson. A trailblazer in the world of ballet, Wilkinson fought to be taken seriously as a Black ballerina in the 1950s and '60s. During this time Wilkinson faced overt and casual racism, hosti...