Episode 127: Consensus Algorithms & HotStuff with Ittai Abraham

In this week's episode, we go deep into Consensus Algorithms and HotStuff (https://developers.libra.org/docs/crates/consensus) with Ittai Abraham (https://twitter.com/ittaia) from VMware Research (https://research.vmware.com/). We chat about the evolution of consensus algorithms, BFT, and how these early ideas have become the backbone of blockchain tech. We cover PBFT, Tendermint and Ittai's research into SBFT, HotStuff, and the improvements he has been working on since HotStuff's incorporation into Facebook's Libra protocol.
The papers and references we mention:
* Early zkpodcast episode on consensus with Robert Habermeier (https://www.zeroknowledge.fm/15)
* PBFT (Castro and Liskov) (http://pmg.csail.mit.edu/papers/osdi99.pdf) (see project here (http://www.pmg.csail.mit.edu/bft/))
* BASE (Castro, Rodrigues, and Liskov) (http://cygnus-x1.cs.duke.edu/courses/cps210/spring06/papers/base.pdf) (the forgotten companion of PBFT that suggests a clean State Machine abstraction)
* Consensus in the Presence of Partial Synchrony (Dwork, Lynch Stockmeyer) (https://groups.csail.mit.edu/tds/papers/Lynch/jacm88.pdf)
* Consensus in the Presence of Partial Synchrony (Dwork, Lynch Stockmeyer) (https://groups.csail.mit.edu/tds/papers/Lynch/jacm88.pdf) (this paper won the 2007 Dijkstra award) (https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/microsoft-researchs-dwork-wins-2007-dijkstra-prize/)
* Multiple leader BFT (Katz and Koo) (https://eprint.iacr.org/2006/065.pdf)
Some of Ittai's work:
* SBFT (with Golan, Grossman, Malkhi, Pinkas, Reiter, Seredinschi, Tamir, and Tomescu) (https://arxiv.org/pdf/1804.01626.pdf)
* Hotstuff (with Yin, Malkhi, Reiter, and Golan) (https://arxiv.org/pdf/1803.05069.pdf)
* Asynchronous BFT (with Malkhi and Spiegelman) (https://arxiv.org/pdf/1811.01332.pdf)
* Sync Hotstuff (with Malkhi, Nayak, Ren, and Yin) (https://eprint.iacr.org/2019/270.pdf)
* Optimal Good-case Latency for Byzantine Broadcast and State Machine Replication (with Nayak, Ren, and Xiang) (https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.13155) new!
* On the Optimality of Optimistic Responsiveness (with Nayak ,Ren, and Shrestha) (https://eprint.iacr.org/2020/458.pdf) new!
Ittai's group blog on cryptography and consensus: Decentralized Thoughts blog (https://decentralizedthoughts.github.io/)
We also mention:
* Tendermint (https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10214/9769/Buchman_Ethan_201606_MAsc.pdf?sequence=7&isAllowed=y) (from 2016 not 2014)
* Casper FFG (https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.09437.pdf)
* Thunderella (https://eprint.iacr.org/2017/913.pdf)
* The AVA consensus (https://arxiv.org/pdf/1906.08936.pdf)
Thank you to this week's sponsor Matter Labs (https://twitter.com/the_matter_labs).
Matter Labs, the creator of the first zkRollup prototype, is also the team behind zkSync: a user-centric Ethereum scaling solution, secured by zero-knowledge proofs.
zkSync testnet is live! You are welcome to try out its simple and intuitive user interface at zksync.io (https://zksync.io/).
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In this week's episode, we go deep into Consensus Algorithms and HotStuff with Ittai Abraham from VMware Research. We chat about the evolution of consensus algorithms, BFT, and how these early ideas have become the backbone of blockchain tech. We cover PBFT, Tendermint and Ittai's research into SBFT, HotStuff, and the improvements he has been working on since HotStuff's incorporation into Facebook's Libra protocol.

The papers and references we mention:

Early zkpodcast episode on consensus with Robert Habermeier
PBFT (Castro and Liskov) (see project here)
BASE (Castro, Rodrigues, and Liskov) (the forgotten companion of PBFT that suggests a clean State Machine abstraction)
Consensus in the Presence of Partial Synchrony (Dwork, Lynch Stockmeyer)
Consensus in the Presence of Partial Synchrony (Dwork, Lynch Stockmeyer) (this paper won the 2007 Dijkstra award)
Multiple leader BFT (Katz and Koo)

Some of Ittai's work:

SBFT (with Golan, Grossman, Malkhi, Pinkas, Reiter, Seredinschi, Tamir, and Tomescu)
Hotstuff (with Yin, Malkhi, Reiter, and Golan)
Asynchronous BFT (with Malkhi and Spiegelman)
Sync Hotstuff (with Malkhi, Nayak, Ren, and Yin)
Optimal Good-case Latency for Byzantine Broadcast and State Machine Replication (with Nayak, Ren, and Xiang) new!
On the Optimality of Optimistic Responsiveness (with Nayak ,Ren, and Shrestha) new!

Ittai's group blog on cryptography and consensus: Decentralized Thoughts blog

We also mention:

Tendermint (from 2016 not 2014)
Casper FFG
Thunderella
The AVA consensus

Thank you to this week's sponsor Matter Labs.

Matter Labs, the creator of the first zkRollup prototype, is also the team behind zkSync: a user-centric Ethereum scaling solution, secured by zero-knowledge proofs.

zkSync testnet is live! You are welcome to try out its simple and intuitive user interface at zksync.io.

If you like what we do:

Follow us on Twitter - @zeroknowledgefm

Join us on Telegram

Give us feedback! https://forms.gle/iKMSrVtcAn6BByH6A

Support our Gitcoin Grant

Support us on the ZKPatreon

Or directly here:

ETH: 0xC0FFEE1B5083230a5154F55f253B6b6ae8F29B1a

BTC: 1cafekGa3podM4fBxPSQc6RCEXQNTK8Zz

ZEC: t1R2bujRF3Hzte9ALHpMJvY8t5kb9ut9SpQ