Text & Context: Daf Yomi by Rabbi Dr. Hidary

Pesahim 62 - Beruriah and the Book of Genealogies

Pesahim 62 A. Rav Ashi - Intention for uncircumcised Rabbah – valid because not eligible Rav Hisda – invalid because potentially eligible Cooking Yom Tov for weekday Rabbah – no lashes because potential guests Rav Hisda – liable because potential doesn’t count B. Part is more lenient that whole uncircumcised // impure people - Mishnah has both? Impure meat Doesn’t apply to all offerings - Uncircumcised // impurity? Impure people Impure meat Has no exceptions – uncircumcised //...

Pesahim 61 - Does "All" Mean Every or Any?

Does intent for wrong owner validate a Pesah offering not on 14 Nisan? Rav Papa – Yes Rava No Mishnah Invalid eaters Timing of Pesah Intends at slaughter that uncircumcised should receive atonement during sprinkling? Rav Hisda – invalid Rabbah – valid Proof for Rabbah: Some uncircumcised?? “This” limits. Already derived from “all” that valid Therefore, all uncircumcised during sprinkling -valid Rav Hisda – “This” even some uncircumcised during sprinkling is invalid Rav Ashi – r...

Pesahim 60 – It’s the Thought that Counts

Mishnah 4 activities For Pesah and for peace-offering For peace-offering and for Pesah Rav Papa asks – Within one activity, Pesah – Peace offering? Attempted Proofs that within one activity Proof 1 – Mishnah p. 1 Proof 2 – Mishnah p. 2 Proof 3 – Next Mishnah p. 1 Proof 4 – Next Mishnah p. 2 Does Mixed intention not on 14 Nisan validate a sacrifice? Rav Dimi – invalid – mirror image Rav Yirmiah – valid – unique and so weaker Rava – valid – default with intention, same if expresse...

Pesahim 59 - The Verse Leaves Us No Choice But to Reinterpret It

Pesahim 59 - Order of the Evening: Baraita 1 Tamid (ben haarbaim) Pesah (ben haarbaim + erev) Ketoret (with Menorah) Menorah (from evening until morning) Baraita 2 Tamid Ketoret Menorah (from evening until morning) Pesah (ben haarbaim + erev) Baraita 3 Morning - First Ketoret (morning morning) Afternoon – Tamid, Ketoret, Menorah, Pesah And also atonement sacrifices on erev pesah R. Yishmael    - all year round Why does atonement override tamid last? Rav Hisda – birds that ar...

Pesahim 58 - Scheduling Conflicts

Pesahim 58 – Schedules for the Daily Afternoon Offering Mishnah: Regular weekday 8½ (& 9½ = 2:30 & 3:30PM) Erev Pesah Weekday or Shabbat - 7½ Erev Pesah Friday - 6½ Gemara: A. 2 derivations for this schedule B. Baraita of R. Ishmael and R. Akiva Abaye – arguing about Shabbat Erev Pesah 7½ or 6½ Rava – arguing about Shabbat Erev Pesah 8½ or 7½ Rabbah bar Ula – regular Shabbat 8½ or 7½ Challenge to Rava Challenge to Abaye C. Derivation that tamid offerings are first and last

Pesahim 57 - "On the Other Hand, No, there Is No Other Hand"

Pesahim 56 - Rabbinizing the Sectarians

Pesahim 56 – Six practices in Jericho Rabbis did not protest: [1] pollinating trees [2] sandwiched Shema [3] reaped and piled before omer Rabbis protested: [4] used consecrated branches [5] ate fallen fruit [6] gave peah on veges (skipped maaser) 6 actions of Hezekiah Rabbis did not protest: [1] pollinating trees Pouring concotion Inserting trees [2] sandwiching Shema Not pausing Not punctuating Skipping barukh shem [3] reaped and piled before omer Erase “reaped” Rabbis p...

Pesahim 55 - Chicken On Egg Problem

Pesahim 55 A. Don’t be Presumptuous Comparing working on 9 Av And reciting Shema on wedding night B. Working on Erev Pesah R. Meir – Custom R. Yehuda - Law C. Limits on permitted activity on Erev Pesah R. Meir – May not begin a new project What if you need them for the holiday? Attempted Proof 1 - prohibited Attempted Proof 2 – prohibited Proof 3 – prohibited Sages – 3 craftsmen may begin projects D. Comparing Erev Pesah to Hol ha-Mo`ed Chicken on the Egg Sweeping the Barn D...

Pesahim 53 - Creations before Creation

Pesahim 54 – Before Creation A. Did R. Yohanan require fire for Yom Kippur Havdalah? R. Abba – no Ula and R. Binyamin – yes Challenge from Baraita Yom Kippur only pre-existing fire B. When was fire created? a) 10 creation during twilight Saturday night – our fire Friday twilight – fire of Gehinom b) 7 creations before day one Monday – fire of Gehinom Friday twilight – potential to make fire Saturday night – our fire c) 2 potential creations during twilight Who made the first m...

Pesahim 54 - Creations before Creation

Pesahim 54 – Before Creation A. Did R. Yohanan require fire for Yom Kippur Havdalah? R. Abba – no Ula and R. Binyamin – yes Challenge from Baraita Yom Kippur only pre-existing fire B. When was fire created? a) 10 creation during twilight Saturday night – our fire Friday twilight – fire of Gehinom b) 7 creations before day one Monday – fire of Gehinom Friday twilight – potential to make fire Saturday night – our fire c) 2 potential creations during twilight Who made the first m...

Pesahim 53 - Theodorus of Rome: Sage or Thug?

Pesahim 53 A. Last fruits remaining for Sheviit B. What grows best in various areas C. Mishnah – selling animals to non-Jews D. Roasting meat on Passover post-destruction 1. Rav - Don’t say “this is for Pesah” 2. Author of Theodorus story (& prohibition to say “Pesah”) R. Shimon – improper formulation is null R. Yose – all clauses must be valid 3. Was Theodorus a sage or a thug? E. Yom Kipur Lights No fire for Yom Kippur Havdalah – Shmuel No fire for Yom Kippur Friday night – R....

Pesahim 52 - Better Think Twice about Banning Second Day Yom Tov

A. Second Day of Yom Tov controversy B. R. Yehuda’s Sheviit Law vs conformity with stringency 1) Rav Shesha – case when both places have not ceased 2) Opposite – R. Yehuda is the stringent one 3) Abaye – went and came back 4) Rav Ashi – like the dispute about assorted pickles 5) Ravina – like dispute about fruit stuck in thorns Tanna Kamma – available to some R. Yehuda – equally available to all C. 3 Lands for Sheviit D. Fruit taken out of Israel E. Unripe fruit: R. Ilai – ok to ...

Pesahim 51 - When in Kabul, Do as the Locals Do

Pesahim 50 - Jerusalem of Gold

Pesahim 48 - Don't Be a Party to Party Animals

Pesahim 49 - Don't Be a Party to Party Animals

Pesahim 48 - Assembly Line

Class on the Development of Halakha "Possessing Hames" https://youtu.be/VX2Ttvd7I6s  Pesahim 48 Hallah – Tameh – Yom Yov Puzzle 1. R. Eliezer – separate after baking 2. Ben Betera – place in cold water 3. R. Yehoshua – not YOUR problem Cooking on Yom Tov for “guests” a. Rabbah – potential is like actual b. Rav Hisda – not Rami bar hama: 1=a and 3=b 5thgen discussion:  But maybe 1=b and 3=a 4thgen discussion:  recorded responses R. Yirmiah accepts, R. Zeira rejects Biggest dough ...

Pesahim 47 - 8 Sets of Lashes for One Furrow

Pesahim 47 Why may one cook on Yom Tov for Shabbat? Rabbah – potential guests are like actual Rav Hisda – Shabbat prep is permitted on Yom Tov 1. Challenge to Rav Hisda – animal that’s about to die 2. Challenge to Rav Hisda – shewbread 3. Challenge to Rav Hisda – Shavuot loaves 4. Challenge to Rabbah – 8 for 1 deal 5. Challenge to Rabbah – 5 for 1 deal וְשֶׂה־אַחַ֨ת מִן־הַצֹּ֤אן מִן־הַמָּאתַ֙יִם֙ מִמַּשְׁקֵ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לְמִנְחָ֖ה וּלְעוֹלָ֣ה וְלִשְׁלָמִ֑ים לְכַפֵּ֣ר עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם נְאֻ...

Pesahim 46 - 18 Minute Mile

Pesahim 46 A. Relationship of sefah to reisha 1. Rav Yehuda – contrasting, add “not like” 2. Abaye – not on Pesah, law of joining 3. Rava – not on Pesah, interposition in mikveh 4. Rav Papa – not on Pesah, interposition from tumah B. Unresponsive dough How long until we assume it is hames? Time of a mile walk Other laws related to the time of a mile walk C. Hallah – Tameh – Yom Yov Puzzle 1. R. Eliezer – separate after baking 2. Ben Betera – place in cold water 3. R. Yehoshua – ...

Pesahim 45 - Fit for a Dog

Pesahim 45 R. Yohanan/R. Akiva Joins Nazir only Sin offering touching meat only Taste like substance gentile pots source for all Sages Taste like substance Nazir source for all Joins Sin offering touching meat - only Mishnah Less than kezayit permitted Needed to plug a hole permitted Explanation 1 – either or is permitted Explanation 2 – need both to be permitted 2 Baraitot – either/or in area not touching dough Both in area that is touching dough Halakha follows? Two hal...

Pesahim 44 - Taste is Like Substance

Pesahim 44 – Mixtures Kosher joins with nonkosher – application? R. Yohanan – Nazir Zeiri – also menahot, and hames What about Terumah? – only if eats a kezyit in a peras Taste is like substance – source? Sages - “Soaked” R. Akiva- Kosher joins with nonkohser R. Akiva Meat and Milk Gentile Pots

Pesahim 43 - Women's Obligation to Eat Matza

Pesahim 42 - No Whey!

Pesahim 41 - Medium-Well Please

Pesahim 41 – Many methods of cooking Mishnah A. Flour in water/acidic mix B. Pesah in juice C. Baker’s water A. Flour in mustard may eat. What about flour in haroset? Rav Kahana – must burn acc. to all Shmuel – may eat acc. to sages B1. Pesah in juice – liable, derivation In a pot with no water roasted and then boiled - liable 2. Burnt Pesah - not liable 3. Raw - not liable, undercooked - liable 4. Boiling without fire – liable Violated prohibition against eating without roasti...

Pesahim 40 - Arguing Against the Grain

Pesahim 40 – Changing Minds A. Roasting Wheat And then Boiling Scalding sufficiently Fruit juice – Rava ok Abaye changed his mind B. Soaking Problem if splits Rava’s changed his mind Prohibited to permitted to commanded C. Stumbling block Rava changed his mind D. Vinegar first? A’. Boiling after Baking

Pesahim 39 - The Bitter Aftertaste of Oppression

Pesahim 38 - Post-Destruction Politics in Making Matza

Pesahim 38 A. Maaser Sheni R. Meir – holy property -> patur from hallah ng for matza nor etrog Sages – private property -> liable in hallah ok for matza and etrog לחם <-> לחם or במדבר טו, כ-כב (כ) רֵאשִׁית֙ עֲרִסֹ֣תֵכֶ֔ם חַלָּ֖ה תָּרִ֣ימוּ תְרוּמָ֑ה כִּתְרוּמַ֣ת גֹּ֔רֶן כֵּ֖ן תָּרִ֥ימוּ אֹתָֽהּ: (כא) מֵרֵאשִׁית֙ עֲרִסֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם תִּתְּנ֥וּ לַייָ֖ תְּרוּמָ֑ה לְדֹרֹ֖תֵיכֶֽם: ס B. Maaser Sheni + Halah ng – cannot be eaten everywhere ok – “since if” principle C. Halah purchased w/ Ma...

Pesahim 37 - Are Bagels Like Bread or Cake?

Pesahim 37 – Varieties of Baking Methods A. Thick Matza One tefah like face bread (asur) Large batch of bread B. Shaped Matza (asur) C. Taking Halah from Pan-fried bread Resh Lakish – exempt R. Yohanan – required 1. Challenge to Resh Lakish 2. Challenge to Resh Lakish from half-baked matza Minimum amount of baking to be bread 3. Challenge to R. Yohanan Story of Rabbah -> R. Zeira -> Ulah

Pesahim 36 - Poor Bread but Eaten Joyfully

Pesahim 36 - Second Tithe First fruits Boiled matsa

Pesahim 35 - Rice Bread and Oat Matza

Pesahim 35 Stringencies of holiness – 3 examples Five grains Rice? Fruit juice? Various requirements that maza be permissible

Pesahim 34 - Stupid Babylonians!

Pesahim 34 – Does Recycled Material Retain Original Status? A. Can kohen use impure terumah wheat kernels as fuel? Rav Huna – no R. Yohanan  - yes B. onions that were impure terumah and then replanted become pure, but inedible: to whom? Kohen – why inedible if it’s pure? 1. Non-Kohen – Rabbah – remains terumah 2. Kohen – Rav Sheshet – diverted attention R. Yohanan – because of impurity Resh Lakish – inherent disqualification Challenge from hole for birds Challenge from sprinkled ...

Pesahim 33 - How to Transform Impure Grapes into Pure Wine

Pesahim 33 A. Three explanations of the Sifra: 1. Meilah smaller minimum size 2. Meilah liable for unintended 3. Meilah liable even if unaware B. Can’t Give Hames as Terumah – 2 sources C. How to transform impure grapes into pure wine

Pesahim 32 - Is Eating Terumah Stealing or Desecrating?

Mishnah – Unwitting pays as atonement Intentional doesn’t pay because he’s a thief and hames has no value Pay value or volume? Proof for volume Proof for volume from our Mishnah Tannaitic dispute R. Akiva (3) & R. Eliezer b. Yaakov (4) – value R. Yohanan b. Nuri – volume Minimum amounts Tanna Kamma – olive size Abba Shaul – perutah perutah AND/OR olive size?

Pesahim 31 - Collateral Hames

Peashim 31 – Collateral Hames Mishnah – collected collateral is as if owned by the lender Abaye – retroactive from loan Rava – from collection a. Clarification: only applies to lender’s interim sale b. Challenge to Rava from inheritance case c. Challenge to Rava from our Mishnah d. Tannaitic Parallel Dispute? e. Another challenge from our Mishnah f. Tosefta – follow the owner Mishnah – Hames under a rockslide

Pesahim 30 - Koshering Pots, Ovens, Knives, and Bowls

A. Rava’s decision following R. Shimon B. Pots that absorbed Hames Ovens greased with meat C. Koshering utensils: 1. Knives 2. Wooden ladles 3. Glazed earthenware 4. Kneading bowls

Pesahim 29 - Buying Pita from the Truck Right after Passover

Pesahim 28 - Boomerang Attack

Pesahim 28 – When is Hames Prohibited? A. Sources for burning hames acc to R. Yehudah B. Do you need to crumble bread before throwing into the sea? C. Sources for when Hames is prohibited. דברים טז,ב  לֹא־תֹאכַ֤ל עָלָיו֙ חָמֵ֔ץ שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִ֛ים תֹּֽאכַל־עָלָ֥יו מַצּ֖וֹת לֶ֣חֶם עֹ֑נִי כִּ֣י בְחִפָּז֗וֹן יָצָ֙אתָ֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם לְמַ֣עַן תִּזְכֹּר֔ אֶת־י֤וֹם צֵֽאתְךָ֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֥י חַיֶּֽיךָ׃ You shall not eat anything leavened with it; for seven days thereafter y...

Pesahim 27 - A Majority of One

Pesahim 27 Baraita – bread baked with orlah fuel Rabbi –prohibits bread Sages –permit bread Who says a new oven heated by orlah fuel must be broken? Rabbi – benefit from wood is in the bread/oven But must also assume “prohibited + permitted = prohibited” R. Eliezer Terumah + non-sacred leaven = prohibited Oven heated by Asherah Status of a pot made in an oven heated by prohibited fuel Shmuel’s version of the Baraira reversed Dim coals, glowing coals, fire Further questions Oven...

Pesahim 26 - Sermons on the Mount

Pesahim 26 Unavoidable but Intentional Abaye – permitted Rava – prohibited 1) Proof for Abaye – Ribaz in the Temple 2) Proof for Rava – artisans in the Temple Is smell a prohibited benefit? yes Is benefit prohibited after misvah is done? Only for ashes and broken calf 3) Proof for Rava from calf 4) Proof for Rava from lost cloth 5) Proof for Rava from wool and linen seller Refutation of Rava 1 Mishnah – hames for fuel Baraita 1 Rabbi – break a new oven, prohibits food Sages –...

Pesahim 25 - Smell that Cheeseburger?

Pesahim 25 A. Unusual Benefit Abaye - Mixed Seeds even unusual benefit is prohibited לֹא־תִזְרַ֥ע כַּרְמְךָ֖ כִּלְאָ֑יִם פֶּן־תִּקְדַּ֗שׁ הַֽמְלֵאָ֤ה הַזֶּ֙רַע֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּזְרָ֔ע וּתְבוּאַ֖ת הַכָּֽרֶם׃ (ס) You shall not sow your vineyard with a second kind of seed, else the crop—from the seed you have sown—and the yield of the vineyard may not be used. Challenge from Meat and Milk דברים יד, כא לֹ֣א תֹאכְל֣וּ כָל־נְ֠בֵלָה לַגֵּ֨ר אֲשֶׁר־בִּשְׁעָרֶ֜יךָ תִּתְּנֶ֣נָּה וַאֲכָלָ֗הּ א֤וֹ מָכֹ...

Pesahim 24 - A Key Without a Lock

Pesahim 24 – Four More Sources for Prohibiting Benefit A. Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi – inedible sin-offering ויקרא ו, כג וְכָל־חַטָּ֡את אֲשֶׁר֩ יוּבָ֨א מִדָּמָ֜הּ אֶל־אֹ֧הֶל מוֹעֵ֛ד לְכַפֵּ֥ר בַּקֹּ֖דֶשׁ לֹ֣א תֵאָכֵ֑ל בָּאֵ֖שׁ תִּשָּׂרֵֽף׃ (פ) But no sin offering may be eaten from which any blood is brought into the Tent of Meeting for expiation in the sanctuary; any such shall be consumed in fire. ויקרא י, יד וְאֵ֣ת ׀ שְׂעִ֣יר הַֽחַטָּ֗את דָּרֹ֥שׁ דָּרַ֛שׁ מֹשֶׁ֖ה וְהִנֵּ֣ה שֹׂרָ֑ף וַ֠יִּק...

Pesahim 23 - Much Ado About One Thing

Pesahim 22 – 23 Hizkiah – active “eat” = eat; passive “be eaten” = benefit R. Abhu – all verbs = benefit Nevelah – R. Meir give/sell to either resident/foreigner (R. Yehudah give-resident or sell-stranger) Terefah – R. Yehudah - unconsecrated is ok (R. Meir – unconsecrated in Temple prohibited benefit) 1) Hames – passive, PROHIITED 2) Unconsecrated Animal in the Temple – prohibited Except acc to R. Abhu acc. to R. Yehudah 3) Gid haNasheh – active, part of Nevelah or prohibited (R....

Pesahim 22 - Rabbi Akiva's Awesome Rescue of the Last ET

Youtube Pesahim 22 Hizkiah – active “eat” = eat; passive “be eaten” = benefit R. Abhu – all verbs = benefit · Gid haNasheh · Blood · Limb from a live animal · Killer animal · Orlah

Pesahim 21 - Mishnah Manuscripts

Pesahim 21 A. Authorship of Mishnah B. Redundancy of types of animals C. Beth Shammai – against selling hames D. No Benefit o Ok if inedible o Even during 6th hour o Can’t burn in an oven o Source Hizkiah – default it prohibited only to eat R. Abhu – default is prohibited to benefit Derived from Nevelah acc. to R. Meir Derived from Terefah acc. to R. Yehuda

Pesahim 20 - A Wine's Bouquet Is More Valuable than Its Taste

Pesahim 20 Needle case: How was meat prepared with dampening? Esteem of holiness Cow swam beforehand Why does excrement not conduct impurity? Vessel laws Impurity food chain Air space of vessels Contradiction 1 – Passover-Passover Rabbi Yeshoshua in Mishnah – burn doubt and impure together In Tosefta – can only burn two level of Tumah Mishna is R. Shimon’s version, Tosefta is R. Yose’s version Contradiction 2 – Passover-Terumah R. Yehoshua – burn doubt and impure together R. Y...

Pesahim 19 - Finding a Needle in a Haystack Eaten by a Cow

https://youtu.be/om5FFhIznJg

Pesahim 18 - Fluid Dynamics

Pesahim 18 · Rabbi Meir and Rabbi Eliezer – liquids do not transmit impurity · Rabbi Yose and Rabbi Shimon – liquids transmit only to food · Rabbi Yehuda – liquids transmit to vessels and food Rabbi Yehuda retracted – fully or still say transmit to food? Attempted proof from Parah of full retraction Rabbi Yose’s proof Rabbi Akiva learned from יטמא (v. 33) that food -> shelishi to food So too Rabbi Yose – יטמא (v. 34b) liquid -> food 34a and 34b apply food->liquid and liquid->food B...

Pesahim 17 - Did the Kohanim Pass Haggai's Test?

Pesahim 17 (A) Rav – Kohanim failed Haggai’s first test – revi’i Shmuel – Kohanim passed Haggai’s first test – hamishi Challenge to Rav from corpse impurity They are more familiar Touched corpse itself Challenge to Shmuel from Haggai’s response Refers to their deeds (B) Yose ben Yoezer – Temple liquids are tahor Rav – only of slaughterhouse (blood and water) Levi – also of altar (oil and wine) (C) Yose ben Yoezer – Temple liquids are tahor · Rav – liquids are pure. · Shmuel –...

Pesahim 16 - Fluid Definitions

Pesahim 16 – Fluid Definitions: Do Liquids Transmit Impurity? Baraita 1 – Rabbi Meir – Liquids are impure deoraita transmit derabanan Rabbi Eleazar agrees Baraita 2 – Rabbi Eleazar – liquids have no impurity Yose ben Yoezer  - Temple slaughterhouse liquids are pure · Shmuel – liquids can be impure deoraita but not transmit · Rav – all liquids are pure deoraita 1. Challenge to Rav from Baraita 1 Explanation of Rav and Shmuel Challenge to Shmuel from Vayikra 7:19 2. Challenge to Rav ...

Pesahim 15 - The Talmudic Trolley Problem

Pesahim 15 – Two interpretations of “from their words” in the Mishnah Preview of Rabbi Yohanan Interpretation of Resh Lakish – “their words” is Rabbi Yehoshua Mishnah Terumah 8:8 Mishnah Terumah 8:9 Challenge from Tosefta Interpretation of Rabbi Yohanan – “their words” is Rabbi Hanina Support from baraita Support from Tosefta Explanation of end of Mishnah