Talking Talmud
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Kiddushin 31: The Poster Child for Honoring One's Parents
September 13, 2023 03:18 - 21 minutes - 19.5 MBLots of nuggets of stories in this daf - beginning with defining the lengths one must go to fulfill the mitzvah of honoring one's parents. Dama ben Netina was just that considerate. Plus, the valuable red heifer. Also, the difference between being commanded for a mitzvah and being exempt, as per R. Yosef, who was blind. Also, the practices of several sages in terms of honoring their respective parents. [Who's Who: Rabbi Abahu] What about when one's parents honor their adult child, instead of ...
Kiddushin 30: Sink or Swim
September 12, 2023 17:34 - 17 minutes - 15.8 MBThe Gemara shares some beautiful passages about the importance of reaching Torah to one’s children and how to teach. The daf also discusses why teaching a son a trade and to swim are an obligation for the father
Kiddushin 29: Teach Your Sons (er, no, not your daughters)
September 11, 2023 13:14 - 23 minutes - 21.6 MBA doozy of a mishnah, especially with regard to gender wars. What mitzvot are women obligated in, and what mitzvot are they not obligated? With some specifics for men, boys, fathers for sons, sons for fathers. (How to swim, circumcision, etc.) And where do the mothers and daughters fit in? Plus, the rules regarding teaching Torah. (Where are the girls?) Also, the story of the demon in Abaye's beit midrash, and R. Acha bar Yaakov's vanquishing of it.
Kiddushin 28: Bartering vs. Purchasing
September 10, 2023 17:19 - 20 minutes - 19.2 MBMore on devolving oaths - gigul shevuah. With various cases of swearing that one is not a slave... Also, defining halipin, exchange - what it is and what it is not.
Kiddushin 27: Agav Continued
September 09, 2023 20:32 - 21 minutes - 19.8 MBCases of acquiring movable items along with land - from tithes of growing produce along with rent to several different kinds of documents - and whether the transaction is by virtue of the document, or after it. The Gemara then moves on to discuss how the concept of Gilgul Shevua is learned from Sotah.
Kiddushin 26: Agav
September 08, 2023 05:22 - 16 minutes - 15.6 MBThe daf has a Mishnah discussing how land and houses are. acquired. The Gemara introduces the concept of agav and how moveable property should be sold with land.
Kiddushin 25: Is Castration an Incapacitating, Go-Free Injury?
September 07, 2023 15:48 - 18 minutes - 17.4 MBThe elders in Nezonya did not show up to R. Hisda's shiur. R. Hamnuna goes to rebuke them. They complained that R. Hisda didn't answer their halakhic question - regarding the blemish of castration (whether it's go-free damage, or not). And then they're rude to R. Hamnuna. But the question is raised regarding overt injury as compared to hidden injury - including the tongue. Also, the kinyan of "meshichah," pulling, "mesirah," transfer, and "hagba'ah," - raising up. Regarding large animals, sma...
Kiddushin 24: An Eye for a Slave's Eye, a Tooth for a Slave's Tooth
September 06, 2023 18:32 - 14 minutes - 13.8 MBWays that Canaanite slaves go free. Including when a slave is injured seriously, permanently, in an external way, based on the biblical verses, but not only. Plus, the cases when, despite injury, the slave does not go free. Plus, lesser injuries. Plus, the case of the owner who is a doctor and inadvertently does harm to his own slave in the process of treatment. Also, does the slave who goes free need a "get shichrur," a bill of emancipation, on top of the injury in one of the 24 limbs listed.
Kiddushin 23: The Slave's Simultaneous Freedom and Ownership
September 05, 2023 21:07 - 15 minutes - 14 MBMore on slaves' emancipation - and how that works as a matter of transaction. Even if he's not cognizant of it, it's to his benefit - and actions in his own interest can be done without his knowledge. Also, the sages allow the slave to free himself with the money of others. Because otherwise, the funds are immediately acquired by the master when they arrive in the slave's possession. But can you give a gift to a slave with a condition removing the master's possibility of ownership? Of course,...
Kiddushin 22: There's Only One Master of the Universe
September 04, 2023 08:03 - 20 minutes - 19.6 MBMore on "retziyah" - and the obligation of a master to the slave's family. Plus, a description of piercing the slave's ear, and where the slave who adds to the time of service goes wrong. Also, switching to a Canaanite slave - what are the means of acquisition?
Kiddushin 21: Retziah
September 03, 2023 08:26 - 20 minutes - 19.2 MBThe Gemara continues its discussion comparing the redemption of fields and houses during Yovel. The daf then shares a baraita that explains many of the halachot of retziah. Finally a discussion about the kohen who becomes a slave.
Kiddushin 20: When Poverty Happens to Good People
September 02, 2023 20:45 - 28 minutes - 26.1 MBAbaye compares himself to Ben Azzai [brief recall of Who's Who]. How does one figure out the purchase price of redeeming a slave? Plus, treating a slave leniently. What about a Jew working for an idolater? Also, a mnemonic to help remember the cases of partial redemption.
Kiddushin 19: From Slavery to Marriage
September 01, 2023 10:06 - 15 minutes - 13.9 MBCan a father tell his minor daughter to go accept her own betrothal that she isn't old enough to accept herself? Plus, the marriage that follows the time of a maidservant - to the master - and how that kiddushin can kick in, switching the relationship from marriage to slavery. With props to marriage over and above slavery, given the comparison.
Kiddushin 18: How to Read a Verse
August 31, 2023 04:47 - 18 minutes - 16.7 MBRedeeming the maidservant against "his" will - but whose will? The master or the father? What about the strike against the family's good name in the servitude itself?! Plus, a maidservant isn't sold a second time. Also, she can't be sold to a second master - with interpretation of a phrase in the verse being essential.
Kiddushin 17: How to Calculate Severance
August 30, 2023 04:31 - 18 minutes - 17.3 MBThe daf explores a few different opinions on how much severance must be paid to a freed slave.
Kiddushin 16: Severance Gifts
August 29, 2023 06:45 - 18 minutes - 17 MBGemara discussed some key differences between female and male Hebrew slaves. The daf also looks at which slaves are eligible for a severance gift and what might that teach us about biblical slavery.
Kiddushin 15: Cross-generational Talmudic Debate
August 28, 2023 13:06 - 17 minutes - 16.4 MBMore on the gezerah shavah between "sachir" and "sachir," with regard to how this indentured fellow goes free - aside from the jubilee year, which is already specified in the verse. But Rabbi Yehudah HaNasi doesn't use this gezarah shavah, so why not? And why the disagreement over this? Plus, how does a gezarah shavah really work? How does one be freed from one owner only to be enslaved to the relatives who freed him?
Kiddushin 14: Protective Servitude?
August 27, 2023 06:59 - 18 minutes - 17.5 MBRecapping Yevamot, to explain the first mishnah of Kiddushin. With a deeper dive into the halitzah case on this daf - namely, how do we know she frees herself with halitzah? Plus, a story of R. Tarfon's beit din for a woman who comes for halitzah. Also, the economics of Jewish (Hebrew) slaves, usually as a matter of paying off debt. What about the sale of a female Hebrew slave? How does that compare to the acquisition of kiddushin?
Kiddushin 13: Could Women Have Known the Halakhot?
August 26, 2023 19:38 - 22 minutes - 20.5 MBMore cases of possible kiddushin. For example, betrothal with a mat of myrtle branches - to no response by the woman who takes the mat. Is that silence a matter of acquiescence or rejection? How would she knows the details of that kind of silence? Also, what about a designated sin-offering on the woman's behalf post childbirth? What if she dies in childbirth? Plus, what about a loan where the debtor dies - and whether the creditor can always collect the loan.
Kiddushin 12: When Is Less Than a Perutah Like a Perutah?
August 25, 2023 05:21 - 19 minutes - 18.6 MBHow much is a perutah actually worth? How do we define its value, given fluctuating currencies and given the different value of items in various places. Also, what happens when the value diminishes over time? Plus, how can some cases of actual effective kiddushin be valued at less than a perutah (Shmuel's opinion vs. that of R. Hisda). Plus, R. Hiya's wife's efforts to leave him.
Kiddushin 11: The Value of Money
August 24, 2023 11:21 - 19 minutes - 18 MBThe Gemara does a deep dive on Beit Shammai’s opinion that for Kiddushin to take place with money it must be at a value of at least a dinar. Several opinions are offered to help understand Beit Shammai’s reasoning.
Kiddushin 10: The Gemara Isn't Blushing
August 23, 2023 18:36 - 14 minutes - 13.3 MBInvestigating the precise moment that sexual intercourse functions as betrothal. With practical implications. Also, a story of terumah and chuppah. [Who's Who: Yochanan Ben Bag Bag] Plus, the modesty of clear language and addressing difficult (sexual) topics directly.
Kiddushin 9: Kiddushin Is Not a Bill of Sale
August 22, 2023 07:02 - 14 minutes - 13.1 MBMore interesting cases - to illustrate the halakhah. How far do they go toward kiddushin? (Spoiler: Not kiddushin). Plus, kiddushin with a shtar/document. Note - it's not worth even a perutah, nor is it a bill of sale, in that it comes from the woman's husband-to-be, and not her father (or herself, once she's an adult). Note the requirement for consent. Also, does the document need to be written for this woman specifically, like divorce, or not so, like betrothal via money?
Kiddushin 8: The Value of 5 Selaim
August 22, 2023 03:45 - 14 minutes - 13.2 MBBetrothal with money has to be with something that has a clearly defined value. With a parallel to pidyon haben - redemption which also needs to be of a certain value. Also, what happens if the woman takes the money a man offers her for kiddushin and she destroys the money? Is that rejection of kiddushin, or is it too late? Or does she owe him the funds? [NOTE: If the second part of today's daf sounds familiar from yesterday's daf, you are not wrong. It was a good we will share (maybe) at the...
Kiddushin 7: A Wife as Property and as Not-Property
August 21, 2023 21:47 - 17 minutes - 16.3 MBA series of cases of possibly effective kiddushin, and the effect of the formal act of acquisition (kinyan). What does it mean that marriage is effected through an act of acquisition (as one buys property). Also, what happens if the man offers to betroth the woman in parts, with half of the money equivalent to a perutah? Half of this coin for half of you, and vice versa. Does it count for kiddushin? A good question - especially since it doesn't make any sense. NOTE: If you listened to this be...
Kiddushin 6: Chit-chat and the Benefit of a Loan
August 19, 2023 21:04 - 19 minutes - 18.1 MBOther formulations that may or may not work for betrothal. What if the couple is talking about betrothal? Is that enough to betroth her? Also, the case of one who wants to betroth a woman with the money he's already lent her. Or the benefit of that loan.
Kiddushin 5: A Wedding Canopy Can't Effect Betrothal
August 18, 2023 13:51 - 19 minutes - 17.7 MBCan each of these three ways of betrothal imply the others? Or can any two imply the third? Or do we need all three of them stated explicitly? Also, what about chuppah? Shouldn't it work to bring about a betrothal? The Gemara works out why not. Plus, the actual process of betrothal via "money."
Kiddushin 4: Betrothal with Money
August 17, 2023 18:12 - 12 minutes - 11.9 MBHoning in on the language, specifically with regard to a girl's coming to physical majority. Plus, the question of superfluous words - with regard to letting a slave (or maidservant) go free. Also, investigating the source of betrothal taking place with money - is it logic or is it a verse?
Kiddushin 3: From Her Father's House to Her Husband's House
August 16, 2023 14:06 - 18 minutes - 17.2 MBThe use of "derekh" - ways - in the mishnah, and a probe into why this term and not another. With parallel cases with a "zav" and an "etrog." What do the explicit cases (3 and 2 ways that a woman comes in or out of marriage) come to exclude? Plus, an investigation into the money that is used for betrothal. And the move from under her father's auspices.
Kiddushin 2: Buying a Wife
August 15, 2023 08:41 - 14 minutes - 13.6 MBEmbarking on the new relationship, with the new tractate, as it is established by a transactional arrangements. The mishnah begins with the formal act of acquisition can be accomplished in one of three ways: money, contract, or sexual intercourse. The mishnah also outlines how she goes free from that bond too. Considering the rationale behind this kind of take on marriage, and the sense of it without the emotional side of things. The Gemara delves into the precise language of the mishnah, and...
Gittin 90: When Not to Stay Married
August 14, 2023 14:20 - 16 minutes - 15 MBA new mishnah on this last daf! Specifically, under what circumstances is a husband allowed to divorce his wife - of course, a machloket, this time, between Beit Shammai, Beit Hillel, and Rabbi Akiva (based on interpreting a verse). Plus, 4 ways to understand the word, "ki," in the biblical text. Also, ending the tractate with the full emotions of divorce - in sorrow and some measure or regret - a husband shouldn't continue to stay married to a wife he hates, but he then is hated by God (with...
Gittin 89: The Moonlight Spinners
August 13, 2023 05:39 - 15 minutes - 14.3 MBWhen rumours about a woman's conduct abound - when would she need to be divorced? How do we investigate rumors?
Gittin 88: Generation to Generation
August 12, 2023 21:44 - 14 minutes - 13.2 MBMore on signatures on a get on the wrong place. Plus, a verse referring to the Children of Israel being long in the world - 3 generations. Also, another aggadah - about the number of generations before the destruction of the Temple (based on the list of Jewish kings who did some form of idolatry), which is understood to be 7. Also, 2 mishnayot, one about when a forced get is acceptable and one about the strength of rumors with regard to betrothal or divorce.
Gittin 87: Signatures in Both Directions
August 11, 2023 14:30 - 21 minutes - 19.7 MBMore on a joint get, where the date per divorce may make the difference (a dispute between Resh Lakish and R. Yochanan). Plus, a new mishnah - what happens if the signatures of the witnesses are in both Hebrew and Greek, under different sides of the get, in different orders, because of the different directions of the languages (dispute between Rashi and Rambam). Also, another mishnah, where the witnesses sign on different locations of the get document. Among other possible confusions.
Gittin 86: Handwriting, Witnesses, and a Common Get
August 10, 2023 20:40 - 16 minutes - 15 MB2 mishnayot bookend this daf, with some "end of the tractate" outlandish cases: 3 types of gittin that are not good, but they are good enough to prevent children from a future marriage from being mamzerim. Basically, when the text is lacking in some way. Plus, why witnesses sign a get - namely, to prevent the husband from denying the get, for example. Also, the Gemara attempts to determine when the husband's handwritten get suffices and when it does not. Also, 2 husbands sent 2 wives divorce...
Gittin 85: What IS a Get, Anyway?
August 09, 2023 14:17 - 15 minutes - 14 MBA mishnah with the case of a husband who gives his wife a get with a stipulation that she will be divorced as long as you doesn't go on to marry someone she isn't allowed to marry anyway (her father, his father, and so on). Plus, a case of a husband who gives his wife a get with the stipulation that she doesn't marry someone where the marriage would take hold, but it's still prohibited (like a divorcee to a kohen). Also, a mishnah that delves into the essence of the get, and divorce altogeth...
Gittin 84: Absurd Conditions for Divorce
August 08, 2023 07:48 - 17 minutes - 16.4 MBMore other conditions that a husband might stipulate in a bill of divorce - for example, if he stipulates that she now marry another specific man -- then the divorce will take effect. But does that work? Or what if the condition is something that isn't humanly possible? Or on condition that she do a sin against the Torah? Also, what about when the condition is written into the get? Isn't that automatically a problem? It may actually depend on where in the get it's written (or said, for that ...
Gittin 83: In Rabbi Eliezer's Wake
August 07, 2023 18:11 - 11 minutes - 10.7 MBAfter R. Eliezer died, 4 sages (Tannaim, of course) went to refute his statement with regard to divorce stipulations, each one in turn. Plus, all of the developments of the discussion in their wake, including issues of kehunah, and more, specifically because of concerns that the marital bond remained extant. NOTE: In a first for Talking Talmud, rather than the usual conversation or tag-team, Yardaena is the sole voice here. Anne's phone died literally as she went to record. But Yardaena cov...
Gittin 82: Exceptions That Seem to Break the Rules
August 06, 2023 16:38 - 14 minutes - 13.4 MBChapter 9! A new mishnah - a divorce with the vocabulary of "ehla" - permitted to any man, but rather except... But doesn't that language stipulate a condition, in which case, how do they proceed? Is it a get on condition that she can't marry someone specific? Or does it specify whom she can marry?? A parallel case of "negaim" - house tzara'at - can help explain this "ehla." Also, betrothal with the exclusion of everyone except for one, and that one does the same betrothal. But how strange - ...
Gittin 81: Rumors
August 05, 2023 21:20 - 22 minutes - 21 MBA mishnah: A man writes a bill of divorce for his wife and then changes his mind - to what extent does that initial writing have impact in her availability to a kohen, say, in the event that he then died, and she wanted to remarry as a widow. Plus, the narrative of such a case... Also, another mishnah: Does a couple that is getting divorced need a second get if they stayed together in an inn? Plus, a hierarchy of authority with R. Yochanan. And a third mishnah: A bald get, with signatures tha...
Gittin 80: So May Ways to Invalidate a Divorce
August 04, 2023 15:10 - 21 minutes - 20 MBA long mishnah (or a series that are published together): If a get is written with a name of a place that is not legitimate... Or other goofs in location... If other details are wrong... When is the get not a get? Plus, how a get that is not a get can really mess up a second marriage, and children from the second marriage. Plus, co-wives are treated like the divorcing woman too. Also, a deeper dive into the country that is not legitimate, and other countries as named in divorce. Plus, Rabbi M...
Gittin 79: Pitching to the Rooftops
August 03, 2023 18:15 - 17 minutes - 16.5 MBA woman who stands on top of the roof and her husband throws the get to her - under what terms is she divorced, and when is she not? Plus, the connection to space, as per Eruvin, and Shabbat in general -- and does the domain have impact on whether the divorce is a divorce. Also, a new mishnah: when one wrote a get long advance - usable or not?
Gittin 78: Bound and Sleeping
August 02, 2023 16:47 - 15 minutes - 14.2 MB2 mishnayot: If a husband says his wife should take a promissory note from him, it's fundamentally a get, but it won't actually function to divorce her. If she comes across it, or she discovers it, it doesn't count. If he's sleeping, and has the get, all the more so, it's not being given to her... Though there are exceptional cases. Also, if the husband throws the get to his wife, the question of how close it get to her, as compared to him, will dictate whether they are divorced. To what exte...
Gittin 77: When Your Property Accepts Your Get
August 01, 2023 04:29 - 15 minutes - 14.6 MBThe phrasing of one who tells others to write a get for his wife if he doesn't return by a date certain - unclear whether that can be a kosher get. Plus, noting how precise this timing really is. Also, a new mishnah in the new chapter: one who throws the bill of divorce to his wife and it lands next to her - whether she's divorced may depend on where she is (her courtyard, yes; his courtyard, no). But if he owns the place, he can transfer the ownership of the place in order to provide her wit...
Gittin 76: Proactive Conditional Divorce
July 31, 2023 21:00 - 18 minutes - 17 MBMore on conditional divorce. Specifically, that the woman should do things for others. Plus combined conditions with witnesses. Also, a condition with regard to the time it takes a husband to return home... the condition is cancelled. Plus, the geography of Israel, north and south. Also, a new mishnah -a new condition - if he doesn't come back by the end of their time, or if he died before the condition of his not returning has happened... She's either not divorced or she has the limbo status...
Gittin 75: The art of negotiations
July 30, 2023 13:46 - 13 minutes - 12.9 MBThe daf explains how a condition is supposed to be formulated based on a famous example in Tanakh. A new Mishnah continues to discuss conditional getts but this time the condition involves other family members.
Gittin 74: When a Woman Pays for Her Own Get
July 29, 2023 21:47 - 16 minutes - 15.6 MBA new mishnah: A case where the divorce is conditional on a woman paying a sum of 200 dinar. Plus, other conditions. What happens if they're not fulfilled? Plus, a dispute as to when the conditional divorce kicks in - from the time she receives it or from the time she fulfills the condition? Also, a deep investigation into the text of the mishnah itself and the vocabulary used in the condition. Plus, what if he's just levying conditions to bother her? That seems to be allowed!
Gittin 73: If a Lion Eats a Man Who Has a Conditional Get
July 28, 2023 14:53 - 17 minutes - 16.7 MBA tosefta on conditions that might prevent a get from bring valid - when one is too specific with a condition. (With very precise formulations). Plus, to what degree would uncommon things be included in a condition? Also, a new mishnah on an I'll man who gives his wife a conditional divorce - in the event that he dies, they are divorced - but in the interim, they must refrain from sexual intimacy.
Gittin 72: If He Dies before He Wakes, There's a Get for Her to Take (not really)
July 28, 2023 00:57 - 18 minutes - 17.1 MBMore on the different readings by R. Meir and R. Yosi. When are verbal instructions to a scribe acceptable? The verse seems to imply that the husband's voice is necessary... Plus, a new mishnah: How a husband can formulate a conditional get in the event of his death. How to make it valid?? More, in trying to understand R. Yosi both supports his view and raises questions on it. Plus, a side bar and prooftext regarding the olive oil of non-Jews.
Gittin 71: When Deaf Is Not Deaf-Mute
July 26, 2023 15:35 - 15 minutes - 12.6 MBA deaf-mute who can communicate in writing, who wants to appoint one to write a get for his wife - because he can communicate, the court appoints on his behalf. [Note: The skipping and choppiness in Anne's recording is something we've never encountered before, and we didn't realize it was happening. You have our profound apologies.] Plus, mute vs deaf vs deaf-mute. Also, how the scribe(s) writing the get becomes relevant in the context of a shaliach, and a verbal directive for get.