Subscriber-Only: Today's episode is available only to subscribers. If you are a Point-Free subscriber you can access your private podcast feed by visiting https://www.pointfree.co/account.

---

Side effects are by far the hardest thing to test in an application. They speak to the outside world and they tend to be sprinkled around to get the job done. However, we can get broad test coverage of our reducer's effects with very little work, and it will all be thanks to a simple technique we covered in the past.