Neurons & Behavior | Psych-100 | Chapter 14 | Flourish with Diane Planidin

This module on the biological basis of behaviour provides an overview of the basic structure of neurons and their means of communication. Neurons, cells in the central nervous system, receive information from our sensory systems (vision, audition, olfaction, gustation, and somatosensation) about the world around us; in turn, they plan and execute appropriate behavioural responses, including attending to a stimulus, learning new information, speaking, eating, mating, and evaluating potential threats.

The goal of this module is to become familiar with the anatomical structure of neurons and to understand how neurons communicate by electrochemical signals to process sensory information and produce complex behaviours through networks of neurons. Having a basic knowledge of the fundamental structure and function of neurons is a necessary foundation as you move forward in the field of psychology.

Learning Objectives

- Differentiate the functional roles between the two main cell classes in the brain, neurons and glia.

- Describe how the forces of diffusion and electrostatic pressure work collectively to facilitate electrochemical communication.

- Define resting membrane potential, excitatory postsynaptic potentials, inhibitory postsynaptic potentials, and action potentials.

- Explain features of axonal and synaptic communication in neurons.

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