Disrupt Development artwork

Disrupt Development

73 episodes - English - Latest episode: almost 2 years ago -

Disrupt Development brings you inspiring stories of disruptive thinkers and doers within Sustainable Development. Stories about transformative idea’s, innovative projects, impactful products, groundbreaking systems and new partnerships all aiming to accelarate impact towards Sustainable Development.

Non-Profit Business innovation social impact sustainable development
Homepage Google Podcasts Overcast Castro Pocket Casts RSS feed

Episodes

Daring to Change the Game - Funding Women Locally in Nepal

August 24, 2022 16:00 - 7 minutes - 4.96 MB

The Change the Game Academy and Disrupt Development present you with stories of the brave who dare to change the game of funding development. In this brand-new Daring to Change the Game podcast series, you’ll hear the experiences from changemakers and donors from Kenya, Nepal and Brazil, where organisations are finding creative and entrepreneurial ways to source their funding locally and transcend the toxic dependency on western donors. In this episode, Mrs Urmila Shreshta talks about her ve...

Daring to Change the Game - the Journey to Local Fundraising in Latin America

August 24, 2022 16:00 - 5 minutes - 3.51 MB

The Change the Game Academy and Disrupt Development present you with stories of the brave who dare to change the game of funding development. In this brand-new Daring to Change the Game podcast series, you’ll hear the experiences from changemakers and donors from Kenya, Nepal and Brazil, where organisations are finding creative and entrepreneurial ways to source their funding locally and transcend the toxic dependency on western donors. In this episode, Claudia Fix dives into a new model of ...

Daring to Change the Game - Local Women Empowerment in Kenya

August 24, 2022 16:00 - 7 minutes - 5.22 MB

The Change the Game Academy and Disrupt Development present you with stories of the brave who dare to change the game of funding development. In this brand-new Daring to Change the Game podcast series, you’ll hear the experiences from changemakers and donors from Kenya, Nepal and Brazil, where organisations are finding creative and entrepreneurial ways to source their funding locally and transcend the toxic dependency on western donors. In this episode, Pastor and doctor Teresia Mwangi talks...

Partos: Bouwen aan een Gezonde Integriteitscultuur (Dutch)

July 05, 2022 08:00 - 36 minutes - 24.8 MB

Integriteit speelt een grote rol in het vertrouwen wat mensen hebben in organisaties. Daarom is integriteit een belangrijk onderwerp, juist ook voor non-profit organisaties. Op een goede manier omgaan met morele en ethische conflicten, en het adequaat handelen bij integriteitsschendingen, is soms makkelijker gezegd dan gedaan. Naast regels, beleid en gedragscodes speelt ook organisatiecultuur een essentiële rol. Maar hoe ontwikkel je een gezonde integriteitscultuur in een organisatie? En hoe...

Partos: Bouwen aan een Gezonde Integriteitscultuur (Dutch)

July 05, 2022 08:00 - 36 minutes - 24.8 MB

Integriteit speelt een grote rol in het vertrouwen wat mensen hebben in organisaties. Daarom is integriteit een belangrijk onderwerp, juist ook voor non-profit organisaties. Op een goede manier omgaan met morele en ethische conflicten, en het adequaat handelen bij integriteitsschendingen, is soms makkelijker gezegd dan gedaan. Naast regels, beleid en gedragscodes speelt ook organisatiecultuur een essentiële rol. Maar hoe ontwikkel je een gezonde integriteitscultuur in een organisatie? En hoe...

Beyond Poverty Porn - the Individual Changemaker

March 16, 2022 10:00 - 12 minutes - 8.45 MB

Despite various strides made by the global development sector in reforming its communication, humanitarian campaigns still (too) often contain racial stereotypes, dehumanizing images and colonial narratives. In our Beyond Poverty Porn series, which we make together with Emiel Martens and Wouter Oomen from the Expertise Centre Humanitarian Communication (HuCom), we open up the conversation about ethical, respectful, and inclusive communication in and on global development. In short episodes...

Re-imagining the INGO - Power, Solidarity & Care

February 23, 2022 19:00 - 6 minutes - 4.84 MB

What can Global North NGOs learn from Global South feminists? In this storycast, Barbara van Paassen shares ideas for addressing the imbalances and challenges global civil society is facing. She sees a particular responsibility for Global North NGOs to critically reflect and build capacities for power analysis, true solidarity, and putting people and care at the centre. Barbara builds on her own experience in civil society advocacy and campaigning and her work supporting changemakers for soc...

StoryCast 10: Religion in Development

February 04, 2022 12:00 - 23 minutes - 16.4 MB

In this AMID StoryCast series, students Delna and Salma dive into the role of religion in international development. They will talk about the history of religion in development and faith-driven initiatives. In this episode, they will narrow down the discussion by looking through the lens of power -namely, the power religion has to foster or hinder international development. Dive in! Bios of the speakers: Delna Abraham is a young professional working on linking research, policy, and practic...

Beyond Poverty Porn - Celebrity Humanitarianism

January 12, 2022 08:00 - 15 minutes - 10.8 MB

Despite various strides made by the global development sector in reforming its communication, humanitarian campaigns still (too) often contain racial stereotypes, dehumanizing images, and colonial narratives. In our Beyond Poverty Porn series, which we make together with Emiel Martens and Wouter Oomen from the Expertise Centre Humanitarian Communication (HuCom), we open up the conversation about ethical, respectful, and inclusive communication in and on global development.  In short episode...

Re-imagining the INGO - the Foreign Aid Industrial Complex

December 17, 2021 10:00 - 7 minutes - 5.53 MB

The world has changed since INGOs became prominent actors on the global stage. The current model for INGOs seems no longer fit for purpose. The Ringo Social Lab - Re-imagining the International NGO - brings together a group of influencers, thinkers, leaders, and disruptors from across civil society around the world in the quest to re-imagine the role of INGOs and global civil society. In this series, we explore the future of global civil society through the lens of the Ringo social lab. In ...

Beyond Poverty Porn - Hope-based communications

November 24, 2021 16:00 - 14 minutes - 10.2 MB

In 2021 development and humanitarian campaigns still show harmful stereotypes, negative framing and traces of white saviorism. Yet we also see alternative frames in communication that question the status quo. In this Beyond Poverty Porn series, we open up the conversation about ethical, respectful, and inclusive communication in global development,  together with the Expertise Centre Humanitarian Communication. In this and upcoming episodes,  Emiel Martens and Wouter Oomen will take a criti...

Beyond Poverty Porn - Hope-based communications

November 24, 2021 16:00 - 14 minutes - 10.2 MB

In 2021 development and humanitarian campaigns still show harmful stereotypes, negative framing and traces of white saviorism. Yet we also see alternative frames in communication that question the status quo. In this Beyond Poverty Porn series, we open up the conversation about ethical, respectful, and inclusive communication in global development,  together with the Expertise Centre Humanitarian Communication. In this and upcoming episodes,  Emiel Martens and Wouter Oomen will take a criti...

Partos innovation awards - VOICE +

November 23, 2021 18:00 - 18 minutes - 12.9 MB

Each year the Dutch Development Cooperation Association Partos organises a call for innovation to showcase and promote recent innovative and inspiring initiatives in the development sector. This year, the “Collaborative Innovations Award” recognises and celebrates innovative collaborations in international civil society partnerships that developed creative solutions to deal with complex, volatile and uncertain scenarios in development cooperation. In this second episode we introduce VOICE ...

Partos Innovation awards - Virtual Innovation labs

November 23, 2021 18:00 - 20 minutes - 14.3 MB

Each year the Dutch Development Cooperation Association Partos organises a call for innovation to showcase and promote recent innovative and inspiring initiatives in the development sector. This year, the “Collaborative Innovations Award” recognises and celebrates innovative collaborations in international civil society partnerships that developed creative solutions to deal with complex, volatile and uncertain scenarios in development cooperation. In this third and final episode we introduc...

Re-imagining the INGO - Global South Leadership

November 21, 2021 15:00 - 13 minutes - 9.2 MB

The world has changed since INGOs became prominent actors on the global stage. The current model for INGOs seems no longer fit for purpose. The Ringo Social Lab - Re-imagining the International NGO - brings together a group of influencers, thinkers, leaders, and disruptors from across civil society around the world in the quest to re-imagine the role of INGOs and global civil society. In this series, we explore the future of global civil society through the lens of the Ringo social lab. Exp...

Partos Innovation awards - Making facts work for workers

November 12, 2021 12:00 - 20 minutes - 14.3 MB

Each year the Dutch Development Cooperation Association Partos organises a call for innovation to showcase and promote recent innovative and inspiring initiatives in the development sector. This year, the “Collaborative Innovations Award” recognises and celebrates innovative collaborations in international civil society partnerships that developed creative solutions to deal with complex, volatile and uncertain scenarios in development cooperation.  In this first episode we introduce a proj...

Partos Future Exploration - The future starts now

November 03, 2021 15:00 - 25 minutes - 17.5 MB

We live in volatile, uncertain, and complex times. So, how do we navigate an age of uncertainty and complexity in global development? In this series, we explore the Future of Partos - the Dutch Development Cooperation Association that brings together nearly 110 Dutch Development NGOs. In this final podcast episode Bart Romijn and Merel van der Woude reflect on the Partos Future Exploration and share their main insights. What has Partos learned from the Future Exploration, what topics have r...

Partos Future Exploration - Foresight

October 20, 2021 15:00 - 32 minutes - 22.1 MB

We live in volatile, uncertain, and complex times. So, how do we navigate an age of uncertainty and complexity in global development? In this series, we explore the Future of Partos - the Dutch Development Cooperation Association that brings together nearly 110 Dutch Development NGOs. In this episode, we talk with Krizna about Foresight. What is foresight? How can we envision and prepare for different futures? Or even better, how can the global development community create its own future? ...

Partos Future Exploration - Climate action

September 02, 2021 16:00 - 17 minutes - 12.2 MB

We live in volatile, uncertain, and complex times. So, how do we navigate an age of uncertainty and complexity in global development? In this series, we explore the Future of Partos - the Dutch Development Cooperation Association that brings together nearly 110 Dutch Development NGOs. In this episode, we talk with Donald Pols about climate action. We discuss the current state of the climate and its consequences on inequality, migration and conflicts. We further dive into the importance of i...

Development Innovation: Ecosystem Strengthening

September 01, 2021 08:00 - 22 minutes - 15.4 MB

The International Development Innovation Alliance or IDIA – is a collaborative platform with the shared goal of “actively promoting and advancing innovation as a means to help achieve sustainable development”. IDIA brings together development agencies committed to doing things differently, and finding new ways of working that transcend traditional boundaries to deliver greater impact.  Disrupt Development and IDIA bring to you the Development Innovation podcast series. We talk to innovators...

Partos Future Exploration - The localisation agenda

August 19, 2021 16:00 - 29 minutes - 20.4 MB

We live in volatile, uncertain, and complex times. So, how do we navigate an age of uncertainty and complexity in global development? In this series, we explore the Future of Partos - the Dutch Development Cooperation Association that brings together nearly 110 Dutch Development NGOs. In this episode we talk with Charles Kojo Vandyck about the localisation agenda. We discuss the current state of global development, the changing role of (I)NGO's, the collective responsibilities from actors i...

Partos Future Exploration - Digitalisation for Development

August 10, 2021 20:00 - 34 minutes - 23.8 MB

We live in volatile, uncertain, and complex times. So, how do we navigate an age of uncertainty and complexity in global development? In this series, we explore the Future of Partos - the Dutch Development Cooperation Association that brings together nearly 110 Dutch Development NGOs. In this episode we talk with Marie-Louise about digitalisation for development. What is digitalisation for development, what are the future uncertainties when it comes to the digital divide, digital economies ...

Partos Future Exploration - Financing for Development

August 03, 2021 13:00 - 31 minutes - 22 MB

We live in volatile, uncertain, and complex times. So, how do we navigate an age of uncertainty and complexity in global development? In this series, we explore the Future of Partos - the Dutch Development Cooperation Association that brings together nearly 110 Dutch Development NGOs. In this episode together with Somaye Dehban we are going to talk about funding & financing for development aid. What do we mean with financing for development, what impact has COVID on financing for developmen...

Re-imagining the INGO - The Origin

August 02, 2021 13:00 - 40 minutes - 28.1 MB

The world has changed since INGO's became prominent actors on the global stage. The current model for INGO's seems no longer fit for purpose. The Ringo Social Lab - Re-imagining the International NGO - brings together a group of influencers, thinkers, leaders and disruptors from across civil society around the world in the quest to re-imagine the role of INGOs and global civil society. In this series we explore the future of global civil society through the lense of the Ringo social lab.  ...

Re-imagining the INGO - The Origin

August 02, 2021 13:00 - 40 minutes - 28.1 MB

The world has changed since INGO's became prominent actors on the global stage. The current model for INGO's seems no longer fit for purpose. The Ringo Social Lab - Re-imagining the International NGO - brings together a group of influencers, thinkers, leaders and disruptors from across civil society around the world in the quest to re-imagine the role of INGOs and global civil society. In this series we explore the future of global civil society through the lense of the Ringo social lab.  ...

Partos Future Exploration - Diversity & Inclusion

July 21, 2021 15:00 - 34 minutes - 23.7 MB

We live in volatile, uncertain, and complex times. So, how do we navigate an age of uncertainty and complexity in global development? In this series, we explore the Future of Partos - the Dutch Development Cooperation Association that brings together nearly 110 Dutch Development NGOs. In this episode, we talk with Marinke van Riet about diversity, inclusion, equity and belonging. What do we mean by these terminologies? How can organisations from the global North walk their talk and become m...

Partos Future Exploration - First reflection

July 12, 2021 07:00 - 21 minutes - 14.5 MB

We live in volatile, uncertain, and complex times. So, how do we navigate an age of uncertainty and complexity in global development? In this series, we explore the Future of Partos - the Dutch Development Cooperation Association that brings together nearly 110 Dutch Development NGOs. In this episode, we reflect on the first phase of the Partos Future exploration together with Bart and Mariken. What has happened since the start, what have we learned and what are the next steps? Bart Romijn ...

Beyond Poverty Porn - Winners of the Fly in the Eye & Highflyer Award 2021

July 08, 2021 16:00 - 20 minutes - 14.3 MB

In 2021 development and humanitarian campaigns still show harmful stereotypes, negative framing and traces of white saviorism. Yet we also see alternative frames in communication that question the status quo. In this Poverty Porn series, we open up the conversation about ethical, respectful, and inclusive communication in global development,  together with the Expertise Centre Humanitarian Communication. In this third episode, the directors of the Expertise Centre Humanitarian Communicatio...

Beyond Poverty Porn - 2021 award nominees

July 01, 2021 05:00 - 18 minutes - 13 MB

In 2021 development and humanitarian campaigns still show harmful stereotypes, negative framing and traces of white saviorism. Yet we also see alternative frames in communication that question the status quo. In this Beyond Poverty Porn series, we open up the conversation about ethical, respectful, and inclusive communication in global development,  together with the Expertise Centre Humanitarian Communication. In this second episode, the directors of the Expertise Centre Humanitarian Comm...

Partos Future Exploration - Shifting Civic Space

June 29, 2021 20:00 - 46 minutes - 31.8 MB

We live in volatile, uncertain, and complex times. So, how do we navigate an age of uncertainty and complexity in global development? In this series, we explore the Future of Partos - the Dutch Development Cooperation Association that brings together nearly 110 Dutch Development NGOs. In this podcast episode we dive deeper into the Future Pathway of shifting space for civil society together with international thought leaders Lysa John and Barbara Oosters. What is civil society, what is the ...

Beyond Poverty Porn - Expertise Centre Humanitarian Communication

June 28, 2021 09:00 - 18 minutes - 12.5 MB

In 2021 development and humanitarian campaigns still show harmful stereotypes, negative framing and traces of white saviorism. Yet we also see alternative frames in communication that question the status quo. In this Beyond Poverty Porn series we open up the conversation about ethical, respectful, and inclusive communication in global development,  together with the Expertise Centre Humanitarian Communication. In this first episode Emiel Martens and Wouter Oomen focus on the topic of huma...

Partos Future Exploration - Adaptive pathways

June 21, 2021 20:00 - 25 minutes - 17.7 MB

We live in volatile, uncertain, and complex times. So, how do we navigate an age of uncertainty and complexity in global development? In this series, we explore the Future of Partos - the Dutch Development Cooperation Association that brings together nearly 110 Dutch Development NGOs. In this 2nd episode together with Dr. Tina Comes we try to better understand the role of resilience in global development. What resilience and adaptive management is, why these concepts are important for globa...

Partos Future Exploration - The Journey

June 14, 2021 07:00 - 12 minutes - 8.83 MB

We live in volatile, uncertain, and complex times. So, how do we navigate an age of uncertainty and complexity in global development? In this series, we explore the Future of Partos - the Dutch Development Cooperation Association that brings together nearly 110 Dutch Development NGOs. In the first episode, we start with a word of welcome from the Director of Partos, Bart Romijn who will explain the unique role of Partos, why a future exploration is needed and how the outcomes of the future...

StoryCast 9: Bridging Research to Practice

June 11, 2021 09:00 - 24 minutes - 16.6 MB

In this AMID StoryCast series, students Aysegul and Carlo talk with Domenico Dentoni, full professor in Business Resilience and Transformation at Montpellier Business about the role that academia can play in facilitating coordination of stakeholders in the pursuit of sustainable change. Societal challenges are becoming increasingly complex and will require a systemic approach and collective action. Academia can certainly play a role in bringing heterogeneous groups of actors together as well...

StoryCast 8: International Negotiations

May 23, 2021 10:00 - 19 minutes - 13.2 MB

In this AMID StoryCast series, students  Shelby and Felix had the chance to discuss how international negotiations change in the face of the corona crisis and the ongoing virtualization of the global meeting landscape. Based on their recent training on international negotiations the two also look deeper into what learnings junior professionals in the field of international development can draw from current best practices and practical experiences. For this, they took the chance to talk with ...

StoryCast 7: Effective Online Facilitation

May 06, 2021 08:00 - 11 minutes - 8.07 MB

In this AMID StoryCast series, students  Anke and Kathryn talk about effective online facilitation.  Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, development professionals have moved most of their work online. How has this made us rethink North-South development partnerships? And how should the facilitators of these partnerships hone their craft accordingly? 

StoryCast 6: Private Sector Development

April 13, 2021 14:00 - 22 minutes - 15.8 MB

In this AMID StoryCast series, students Matteo and Felix dive into private sector-driven development based on their recent learnings. They discuss the pros and cons of bringing together government and industry leaders as a driver of development, and they identify how civil society and INGOs can play a part in realizing inclusive value creation that goes beyond trickle-down economics.

Episode 22: Pracademics

April 01, 2021 19:00 - 34 minutes - 23.5 MB

 Pracademics are individuals with a position in academia, practice or both who straddle the boundaries between the two domains and have the ability to act as responsive connective tissues and as change agents towards the sustainable development goals. In this episode together with Dr. Willem Elbers we are going to talk about pracademics.  Their experiences and the conditions under which pracademics can fulfil their potential as uniquely equipped change agents, innovators and disrupters to ...

StoryCast 5: Impact Direct

March 10, 2021 19:00 - 24 minutes - 17 MB

In this storycast Inemarie Dekker & Nicky Wakou introduce you to the iMPACT direct foundation who change the story of giving by making it possible to direct donate to local non-profits.  Their conversation touches on aid fatigue experienced by donors, donor recipients, the importance of building trust between donors and recipients, the inclusion of communities in the solutions seeking, and decision-making.  Inemarie is the founder of iMPACT direct.  She worked 15 years in the development s...

Episode 21: MEL 2.0 - Journey towards effectiveness

February 23, 2021 18:00 - 40 minutes - 27.8 MB

The vast majority of global development actors are experiencing challenges when it comes to 'Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning'. Many organisations use MEL for accountability, to ensure compliance and prevent fraud than actual learning and improving.  Outdated logical frameworks, once used for military planning,  that are still being used extensively. Theory of Changes that are being used predominantly as 'shiny' visuals for communication purposes and not to continiously test assumptions....

Episode 20: Future of AId - Global Public Investment

February 10, 2021 19:00 - 35 minutes - 24.8 MB

International cooperation has never been more needed, but the current system of “aid” is outdated and ineffective. Global Public Investment calls for a wholesale restructuring of the aid project, a totally new approach fit for the challenges of the 21st century - a new common framework for financing social, economic and environmental challenges in rich, poor, and middle-income countries alike.  In this episode we talk with Jonathan Glennie - the driving force behind the radical new approach...

StoryCast 4: Investment cases in global development

January 25, 2021 20:00 - 12 minutes - 8.74 MB

Disruptive changes have caused uncertainty in the development sector, specifically for NGOs that are grossly ill-equipped to adapt to the changing times. Although funding from traditional donors is becoming harder to come by, new actors have opened up new streams of development finance that were hitherto out of reach for NGOs.  In this StoryCast Salman Khawar will explain why it's important to use investment  cases in Global Development to capitalize on new opportunities.  Salman Khawar is...

StoryCast 3: UNICEF culture of Innovation

January 06, 2021 19:00 - 8 minutes - 5.54 MB

Organisations are better in developing innovations but often struggle to create a culture of innovation. In this episode Tanya Accone will share the story of how UNICEF scaled a culture of innovation in their global institution. Tanya Accone has been at the forefront of advocating for and leading ground-breaking initiatives at the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). As Senior Advisor on Innovation at Scale, she has led UNICEF’s Global Innovation Centre to support 90 countries to ident...

StoryCast 2: Seeds of Innovation

December 24, 2020 22:00 - 14 minutes - 10.3 MB

In this episode Julio Garcia Martinez shares his journey of how he came to work in humanitarian innovation. A journey that is marked by inspiring visits to refugee camps in Nigeria, South-Sudan and Myanmar.   Julio works at ZOA as Change Manager and Innovation Coordinator. ZOA is an international relief and recovery organization supporting vulnerable people affected by violent conflicts and natural disasters in fragile states. With experience in the energy, environmental, development and no...

Episode 19: Four mindshifts

December 15, 2020 20:00 - 37 minutes - 25.6 MB

The world changes rapidly, and in many respects so does development cooperation. It is difficult to fully grasp the changes, let alone to make well-informed choices in an environment with many uncertainties.  In this episode together with Bart Romijn we are going to talk about development cooperation. We will evaluate if development cooperation has been a success, what global biggest challenges are at the moment, what role development cooperation should play in it, four mind shifts developm...

StoryCast 1: Human Centred Design

December 08, 2020 21:00 - 7 minutes - 4.89 MB

In this pisode Olloriak takes the time to reflect on her experiences  using Human Centered Design approaches. She discusses some of the pitfalls but also the benefits. Olloriak Sawade works for Plan International based in Amsterdam as the Business Partnership Manager. Within her portfolio she supports colleagues on innovation. Olloriak has worked in the development sector for over a decade with a focus on education, SRHR and youth economic empowerment. She has worked for a range of developm...

Episode 18: Direct cash-transfers

November 30, 2020 21:00 - 29 minutes - 20.2 MB

Cash delivered electronically to a phone or credit card. Direct cash platforms are becoming new competitors of the traditional non-profits in global development. They give individual donors the sense of connection they want, a frictionless customer experience, and a clear value propositon based on results and not good intentions.  100 weeks is a revolutionary way of giving, initiated by Gitte Büch & Jeroen de Lange. 100 WEEKS connects women living in poverty with organizations and people wh...

Episode 17: Scaling innovation

November 19, 2020 21:00 - 33 minutes - 22.9 MB

While efforts to develop novel interventions receive considerable attention and resources, organizations often struggle to turn innovation into impact --thus failing to achieve their full potential. Investments in innovation only yield impact if an organization is able to master the scaling part of the process. Everyone talks about scale, but there are only a few who master the skilsset to scale as Tanya Accone from UNICEF Global Innovation Centre.   Together with Tanya we are going to unpa...

Episode 17: Scaling innovation

November 19, 2020 21:00 - 33 minutes - 22.9 MB

While efforts to develop novel interventions receive considerable attention and resources, organizations often struggle to turn innovation into impact --thus failing to achieve their full potential. Investments in innovation only yield impact if an organization is able to master the scaling part of the process. Everyone talks about scale, but there are only a few who master the skilsset to scale as Tanya Accone from UNICEF Global Innovation Centre.   Together with Tanya we are going to unpa...

Episode 16: Old Aid vs New Aid

October 12, 2020 19:00 - 41 minutes - 28.7 MB

We have an imperative to shape the new aid industry to be fit for today’s challenges. The “aid industry” is an antiquated term and most people use it pejoratively. But changes to this sprawling, $200 billion-a-year industry have come so quickly that we don’t yet have language to  describe it. Perhaps one day something like “impact industry” will catch-on, but for now we’re left with an alphabet soup of social  entrepreneurs, NGOs, impact investors, multilateral development banks,  philanthro...