Overflow Model vs Production Model

I was in a meeting with a big grocery chain and while talking to them I found out that they plan their marketing activities 1 year in advance. All the promotions, deals, specials etc. are planned and also what media will be used for what campaigns. But I find service based businesses like Lawyers, Dentists, Accountants etc. don't practice this religiously.  

Alot of service based businesses approach marketing with Overflow Model, which means they react when they are in trouble....

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