Freemasonry's Controversial History - 18th to 20th century

#freemasonry #freemasons #freemason

What was the role of Freemasonry in the Enlightenment period of the 18th century? How did Freemasonry spread across Europe and the Americas in the 18th century? What is the history of co-masonry and female-only lodges in the 19th and 20th centuries? How has Freemasonry influenced and been influenced by feminism? What were the reasons for the Catholic Church's opposition to Freemasonry in the 18th to 20th centuries? What were the Papal Bulls issued against Freemasonry from the 18th to 20th centuries? Were Freemasons persecuted during the Nazi regime due to accusations of antisemitism?

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REFERENCES

Bogdan, H. and Snoek, J. A. M. (2014) ‘The History of Freemasonry’, in Bogdan, H. and Snoek, J. A. M. (eds), Handbook of Freemasonry, Brill, pp. 13–30.

00:00 Introduction & Support Angela’s Symposium

01:21 18th Century Rites established and women admitted

03:24 New Egyptian Masonry started and esoteric rites introduced

05:18 19th CenturyGlobal growth and non-Christian members accepted05:31 Anti-Masonry rises – Papal Bulls against it

07:37 20th Century strong influence by feminism and Theosophy

09:11 Anti-Masonry mixed with anti-Semitism – Catholic Church softens

11:02 Spread to former Eastern Bloc countries

11:34 Support Angela’s Symposium

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