World History Encyclopedia
167 episodes - English - Latest episode: 16 days ago - ★★★★ - 11 ratingsWe are a non-profit organization publishing the world's most-read history encyclopedia. Our mission is to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide.
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Episodes
Electrical Telegraph
May 07, 2024 14:54 - 15 minutes - 14 MBThe Electrical Telegraph was invented in 1837 by William Fothergill Cook (1806-1879) and Charles Wheatstone (1802-1875) in England with parallel innovations being made by Samuel Morse (1791-1872) in the United States. The telegraph, once wires and undersea cables had connected countries and continents, transformed communications so that messages could be sent and received anywhere in just minutes. Article written by Mark Cartwright and read by Lianne Walker. Support us on Patreon: ht...
Who's Who in a Pirate Crew
May 07, 2024 14:50 - 17 minutes - 15.8 MBIt was all very well pocketing other people’s valuables and roistering at rum parties, but life on a pirate ship involved a surprising amount of hard work. Pirates were first and foremost sailors and in the Golden Age of Piracy (1690-1730), a pirate ship required a great deal of skill to operate and constant maintenance to keep afloat. Indeed, pirates had to be remarkably good seamen if they were to ever catch fleeing merchant vessels and escape the unwanted attentions of heavily-armed ...
Effects of the Black Death on Europe
April 25, 2024 07:59 - 21 minutes - 20 MBThe outbreak of plague in Europe between 1347-1352 – known as the Black Death – completely changed the world of medieval Europe. Severe depopulation upset the socio-economic feudal system of the time but the experience of the plague itself affected every aspect of people's lives. Disease on an epidemic scale was simply part of life in the Middle Ages but a pandemic of the severity of the Black Death had never been experienced before and, afterwards, there was no way for the people to r...
Paper in Ancient China
April 25, 2024 07:54 - 11 minutes - 10.5 MBThe widespread use of paper and printing were features of ancient China which distinguished it from other ancient cultures. Traditionally, paper was invented in the early 2nd century CE, but there is evidence it was much earlier. As a cheaper and more convenient material than bamboo, wood, or silk, paper helped spread literature and literacy but it was used for many other purposes from hats to packaging. The material was made finer over the centuries, was traded across Asia and was used...
Ancient India
April 16, 2024 09:04 - 27 minutes - 25.6 MBIndia is a country in South Asia whose name comes from the Indus River. The name 'Bharata' is used as a designation for the country in their constitution referencing the ancient mythological emperor, Bharata, whose story is told, in part, in the Indian epic Mahabharata. If you want to support our non-profit organization, visit our Patreon page: https://www.worldhistory.org/patreon/ Article written by Joshua J. Mark and narrated by Lianne Walker.
Feudalism
April 16, 2024 09:02 - 13 minutes - 12.1 MBFeudalism was the system in 10th-13th century European medieval societies where a social hierarchy was established based on local administrative control and the distribution of land into units (fiefs). A landowner (lord) gave a fief, along with a promise of military and legal protection, in return for a payment of some kind from the person who received it (vassal). If you want to support our non-profit organization, visit our Patreon page: https://www.worldhistory.org/patreon/ Article...
Food & Drink in the Elizabethan Era
March 14, 2024 11:21 - 18 minutes - 16.9 MBWritten by Mark Cartwright and narrated by Lianne Walker. Support our work on Patreon: https://www.worldhistory.org/patreon/ Food and drink in the Elizabethan era was remarkably diverse with much more meat and many more varieties of it being eaten by those who could afford it than is the case today. Storage of food was still a problem and so fresh produce was grown at home or regularly acquired at local markets. Thick sauces with strong flavours were popular and made even more varied a...
Trial and Execution of Marie Antoinette
March 13, 2024 14:19 - 21 minutes - 20.1 MBWritten by Harrison W. Mark and read by Lianne Walker. Support our work on Patreon: https://www.worldhistory.org/patreon/ The trial and execution of Marie Antoinette (1755-1793), formerly the queen of France, was among the opening events of the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution (1789-1799). Accused of a series of crimes that included conspiring with foreign powers against the security of France, Marie Antoinette was found guilty of high treason and executed on 16 October 179...
Child Labour in the British Industrial Revolution
March 13, 2024 14:17 - 18 minutes - 16.6 MBChildren were widely used as labour in factories, mines, and agriculture during the British Industrial Revolution (1760-1840). Very often working the same 12-hour shifts that adults did, children as young as five years old were paid a pittance to climb under dangerous weaving machines, move coal through narrow mine shafts, and work in agricultural gangs. Read by Lianne Walker and written by Mark Cartwright. Support our work on Patreon: https://www.worldhistory.org/patreon/
Anne, Queen of Great Britain
February 26, 2024 15:16 - 15 minutes - 14.3 MBAnne reigned as Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1702 and then, following the 1707 Act of Union, over a united kingdom as Queen of Great Britain until her death in 1714. The last of the Stuart monarchs, Anne's reign witnessed the Spanish War of Succession which helped Britain establish itself as a major world power. Narrated by Lianne Walker, written by Mark Carwright.
Top 10 Inventions of the Industrial Revolution
February 26, 2024 15:11 - 23 minutes - 21.1 MBThe British Industrial Revolution transformed life at work and at home for practically everyone. Noise, pollution, social upheaval, and repetitive jobs were the price to pay for labour-saving machines, cheap and comfortable transportation, more affordable consumer goods, better lighting and heating, and faster ways of communication. Article written by Mark Cartwright and narrated be Lianne Walker.
Twelve Great Women of Ancient Persia
May 11, 2023 12:21 - 21 minutes - 19.3 MBWomen in ancient Persia had more rights and greater freedom than any other ancient civilization including, according to some scholars, even ancient Egypt which is famous for its respect for the feminine principle in religion as well as daily life. Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/whencyclopedia Original Article: https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1493/twelve-great-women-of-ancient-persia/
Women in Ancient Persia
May 11, 2023 12:09 - 26 minutes - 24.6 MBWomen in ancient Persia were not only highly respected but, in many cases, considered the equals of males. Women could own land, conduct business, received equal pay, could travel freely on their own, and in the case of royal women, hold their own council meetings on policy. Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/whencyclopedia Original Article: https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1492/women-in-ancient-persia/
Egyptian Gods - The Complete List
May 11, 2023 11:50 - 2 hours - 180 MBThe gods and goddesses of Ancient Egypt were an integral part of the people's everyday lives for over 3,000 years. There were over 2,000 deities in the Egyptianpantheon, many whose names are well known - Isis, Osiris, Horus, Amun, Ra, Hathor, Bastet, Thoth, Anubis, and Ptah among others - but many more less so who were also important. Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/whencyclopedia Original Article: https://www.worldhistory.org/article/885/egyptian-gods---the-complete-li...
Clothes in the Elizabethan Era
April 05, 2023 12:31 - 18 minutes - 16.6 MBClothes in the Elizabethan era (1558-1603 CE) became much more colourful, elaborate, and flamboyant than in previous periods. With Elizabeth I of England (r. 1558-1603 CE) herself being a dedicated follower of fashion, so, too, her court and nobles followed suit. Clothing was an important indicator of status so that those who could afford it were careful to wear the correct colours, materials, and latest fashions from Continental Europe. Heavy brocade, stockings, tight-fitting doublets,...
Medieval Cures for the Black Death
February 08, 2023 13:24 - 22 minutes - 20.7 MBThe Black Death is the 19th-century CE term for the plague epidemic that ravaged Europe between 1347-1352 CE, killing an estimated 30 million people there and many more worldwide as it reached pandemic proportions. The name comes from the black buboes (infected lymph glands) which broke out over a plague victim's body. The cause of the plague was the bacterium Yersinia pestis, which was carried by fleas on rodents, usually rats, but this was not known to the people of the medieval perio...
Black Death
February 02, 2023 11:11 - 15 minutes - 21.2 MBThe Black Death was a plague pandemic which devastated medieval Europe from 1347 to 1352 CE, killing an estimated 25-30 million people. The disease originated in central Asia and was taken to the Crimea by Mongol warriors and traders. The plague then entered Europe via Italy, carried by rats on Genoese trading ships sailing from the Black Sea. Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/whencyclopedia Original Article: https://www.worldhistory.org/Black_Death/
Elizabethan Theatre
January 23, 2023 09:55 - 19 minutes - 20.1 MBElizabethan theatre, sometimes called English Renaissance theatre, refers to that style of performance plays which blossomed during the reign of Elizabeth I of England (r. 1558-1603 CE) and which continued under her Stuart successors. Elizabethan theatre witnessed the first professional actors who belonged to touring troupes and who performed plays of blank verse with entertaining non-religious themes. Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/whencyclopedia Original article: htt...
Egyptian Book of the Dead
January 17, 2023 10:27 - 19 minutes - 26.5 MBThe Egyptian Book of the Dead is a collection of spells which enable the soul of the deceased to navigate the afterlife. The famous title was given the work by western scholars; the actual title would translate as The Book of Coming Forth by Day or Spells for Going Forth by Day. Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/whencyclopedia
Song of Everlasting Sorrow
January 16, 2023 22:09 - 25 minutes - 23.6 MBThe Song of Everlasting Sorrow is a narrative poem of the Tang Dynasty (618-907 CE) inspired by the love affair between Xuanzong (r. 712-756 CE), the seventh emperor of the dynasty, and his consort Lady Yang. It was written by the Chinese poet Bai Juyi (l. 772-846 CE) and is his most popular work. Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/whencyclopedia
Foot-Binding
January 16, 2023 21:40 - 9 minutes - 9.99 MBFoot-binding was a practice first carried out on young girls in Tang Dynasty China to restrict their normal growth and make their feet as small as possible. Considered an attractive quality, the effects of the process were painful and permanent. Widely used as a method to distinguish girls of the upper class from everyone else, and later as a way for the lower classes to improve their social prospects, the practice of foot-binding would continue right up to the early 20th century CE. S...
World's Oldest Love Poem
January 11, 2023 11:25 - 12 minutes - 17.5 MBThe world's oldest love poem is The Love Song for Shu-Sin (c. 2000 BCE) composed in ancient Mesopotamia for use in part of the sacred rites of fertility. Prior to its discovery in the 19th century, and its translation in the 20th, the biblical Song of Songs was thought to be the oldest love poem extant. Support our non-profit organization on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/whencyclopedia Original article: https://www.worldhistory.org/article/750/the-worlds-oldest-love-poem/
Ancient Greek Medicine
January 03, 2023 10:19 - 11 minutes - 10.5 MBIn ancient Greek medicine illness was initially regarded as a divine punishment and healing as, quite literally, a gift from the gods. However, by the 5th century BCE, there were attempts to identify the material causes for illnesses rather than spiritual ones and this led to a move away from superstition towards scientific enquiry, although, in reality, the two would never be wholly separated. Greek medical practitioners, then, began to take a greater interest in the body itself and to...
Hadrian
November 07, 2022 00:25 - 18 minutes - 16.6 MBHadrian written by Joshua J. Mark and narrated by Grace MacLachlan: https://www.worldhistory.org/hadrian/ Hadrian (l. 78-138 CE) was emperor of Rome (r. 117-138 CE) and is recognized as the third of the Five Good Emperors (Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, and Marcus Aurelius) who ruled justly. His reign marked the height of the Roman Empire, usually given as c. 117 CE, and provided a firm foundation for his successor. If you like our audio articles, please support us by becomin...
Egyptian Hieroglyphs
October 24, 2022 01:32 - 12 minutes - 17.8 MBEgyptian Hieroglyphs written by Priscila Scoville and narrated by Jennifer Sabir: https://www.worldhistory.org/Egyptian_Hieroglyphs/ The Egyptian hieroglyphic script was one of the writing systems used by ancient Egyptians to represent their language. Because of their pictorial elegance, Herodotus and other important Greeks believed that Egyptian hieroglyphs were something sacred, so they referred to them as 'holy writing'. Thus, the word hieroglyph comes from the Greek hiero 'holy' an...
Mont-Saint-Michel
September 12, 2022 05:25 - 11 minutes - 16.1 MBMont-Saint-Michel written by James Blake Wiener and narrated by Jennifer Sabir: https://www.worldhistory.org/Mont-Saint-Michel/ Mont-Saint-Michel is the name of a tidal island located off the coasts of Normandy and Brittany, near the mouths of the Couesnon River and the town of Avranches in France. While the island of Mont-Saint-Michel has held cultural, religious, and strategic value since the Merovingians held power over the region, Mont-Saint-Michel is universally recognized today a...
Gutians
August 25, 2022 02:49 - 18 minutes - 17.3 MBGutians written by Joshua J. Mark and narrated by DW Draffin: https://ww.worldhistory.org/Gutians/ Watch it on YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gnOoTTH8bco The Gutians were a West Asiatic people who are thought to have lived around the Zagros Mountains in a region referred to as Gutium. They had no written language and all that is known of them comes from their enemies, including the Akkadians, Sumerians, and Assyrians, who blame them for the destruction and desolation of the...
A Short History of the Buddhist Schools
August 01, 2022 02:50 - 28 minutes - 38.9 MBA Short History of the Buddhist Schools written by Joshua J. Mark and narrated by Jennifer Sabir: https://www.worldhistory.org/article/492/a-short-history-of-the-buddhist-schools/ The different Buddhist schools of thought, still operating in the present day, developed after the death of the Buddha (l. c. 563 - c. 483 BCE) in an effort to perpetuate his teachings and honor his example. Each of the schools claimed to represent Buddha's original vision and still do so in the modern era. A...
Shang Dynasty
July 25, 2022 01:45 - 16 minutes - 22 MBShang Dynasty written by Emily Mark and narrated by Ethan Hu https://www.worldhistory.org/Shang_Dynasty/ The Shang Dynasty (c. 1600-1046 BCE) was the second dynasty of China, which succeeded the Xia Dynasty (c. 2700-1600 BCE) after the overthrow of the Xia tyrant Jie by the Shang leader, Tang. Since many historians question whether the Xia Dynasty really existed, the Shang Dynasty may have actually been the first in China and the origin of Chinese culture. If you like our audio articl...
Ancient Chinese Philosophy
May 29, 2022 21:53 - 20 minutes - 28.5 MBAncient Chinese Philosophy written byJoshua J. Mark and narrated by Jennifer Sabir: https://www.worldhistory.org/Chinese_Philosophy/ The term Ancient Chinese Philosophy refers to the belief systems developed by various philosophers during the era known as the Hundred Schools of Thought when these thinkers formed their own schools during the Spring and Autumn Period (c. 772-476 BCE) and the Warring States Period (c. 481-221 BCE) after the Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 BCE) had begun to decline...
Life in a Japanese Buddhist Monastery
March 20, 2022 23:39 - 16 minutes - 22.4 MBLife in a Japanese Buddhist Monastery written by Mark Cartwright and narrated by Jennifer Sabir: https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1423/life-in-a-japanese-buddhist-monastery/ Buddhist monasteries have been part of the Japanese cultural landscape ever since the 7th century CE, and they remained both powerful and socially important institutions right through the medieval period. Today, many of Japan's finest examples of ancient and medieval architecture are located at temple complexes...
Druid
February 20, 2022 22:15 - 13 minutes - 18.8 MBDruid written by Mark Cartwright and narrated by Jennifer Sabir: https://www.worldhistory.org/druid/ Druids were a class of individuals in ancient Celtic cultures known for their great wisdom and knowledge of traditions. Not only priests who managed all religious rituals such as sacrifices (including humans), druids were able to give practical help by interpreting events of nature, divining the future as soothsayers, and making medicinal potions, especially using sacred plants like mis...
Ancient Egyptian Symbols
January 24, 2022 00:14 - 21 minutes - 29.8 MBAncient Egyptian Symbols written by Joshua J. Mark and narrated by Jennifer Sabir: https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1011/ancient-egyptian-symbols/ Religion in ancient Egypt was fully integrated into the people's daily lives. The gods were present at one's birth, throughout one's life, in the transition from earthly life to the eternal, and continued their care for the soul in the afterlife of the Field of Reeds. The spiritual world was ever present in the physical world and this un...
Cleopatra VII
January 17, 2022 00:05 - 19 minutes - 27.3 MBCleopatra VII written by Joshua J. Mark and narrated by Jonathan Bailey: https://www.worldhistory.org/Cleopatra_VII/ Cleopatra VII (l. c. 69-30 BCE, r. 51-30 BCE) was the last ruler of Egypt before it was annexed as a province of Rome. Although arguably the most famous Egyptian queen, Cleopatra was actually Greek and a member of the Ptolemaic Dynasty (323-30 BCE) which ruled Egypt after the death of Alexander the Great (l. 356-323 BCE). If you like our audio articles, please support u...
Medieval Knights: 12 of the Best
January 11, 2022 04:50 - 25 minutes - 35 MBMedieval Knights: 12 of the Best written by Mark Cartwright and narrated by Jennifer Sabir: https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1245/medieval-knights-12-of-the-best/ The knights of medieval Europe were meant to be the finest fighting men of their age, even more important, they were expected to be pure in thought and deed, as exemplified in the chivalrous code which they (usually) followed. Here are the stories of 12 such knights. The legendary figures are perhaps based on historical k...
Mitanni
December 06, 2021 05:02 - 18 minutes - 25.4 MBMitanni written by Joshua J. Mark and narrated by Kelly Macquire: www.worldhistory.org/Mitanni/ The Kingdom of Mitanni, known to the people of the land, and the Assyrians, as Hanigalbat and to the Egyptians as Naharin and Metani, once stretched from present-day northern Iraq, down through Syria and into Turkey and was among the greatest nations of its time, though today it is largely forgotten. If you like our audio articles, please support us by becoming a member or donating to our n...
How To Read A Maya Glyph
November 14, 2021 23:59 - 6 minutes - 9.19 MBHow To Read A Maya Glyph written by Lily Ball and narrated by Jennifer Sabir: https://www.worldhistory.org/article/789/how-to-read-a-maya-glyph/ For over three centuries, the ancient Maya flourished in Mesoamerica. They built giant stone pyramids surrounded by dense jungle, used a calendrical system that made many believe that 2012 would be the end of the world, and created a writing system that is as beautiful as it is complex. Its decipherment is ongoing, even today. In fact, it is s...
Aryan
November 07, 2021 23:53 - 24 minutes - 33.8 MBAryan written by Joshua J. Mark and narrated by DW Draffin: www.worldhistory.org/Aryan/ Aryan is a designation originally meaning “civilized”, “noble”, or “free” without reference to any ethnicity. It was first applied as a self-identifying term by a migratory group of people from Central Asia later known as Indo-Iranians (who settled on the Iranian Plateau) and, later, applied to Indo-Aryans (who traveled south to settle northern India). Find it on YouTube: www.youtube.com/watch?v=D2...
Hermes
August 13, 2021 01:45 - 8 minutes - 11.5 MBHermes written by Mark Cartwright and narrated by Kelly Macquire: https://www.worldhistory.org/Hermes/ Hermes was the ancient Greek god of trade, wealth, luck, fertility, animal husbandry, sleep, language, thieves, and travel. One of the cleverest and most mischievous of the Olympian gods, he was the patron of shepherds, invented the lyre, and was, above all, the herald and messenger of Mt. Olympus so that he came to symbolise the crossing of boundaries in his role as a guide between t...
The Phoenician Alphabet & Language
July 23, 2021 01:43 - 3 minutes - 4.73 MBThe Phoenician Alphabet & Language written by Thamis and narrated by Jennifer Sabir: https://www.worldhistory.org/article/17/the-phoenician-alphabet--language/ Phoenician is a Canaanite language closely related to Hebrew. Very little is known about the Canaanite language, except what can be gathered from the El-Amarna letters written by Canaanite kings to Pharaohs Amenhopis III (1402 - 1364 BCE) and Akhenaton (1364 - 1347 BCE). It appears that the Phoenician language, culture, and writ...
Women in Ancient Greece
July 13, 2021 03:18 - 10 minutes - 14.7 MBWomen in Ancient Greece written by Mark Cartwright and narrated by Kelly Macquire: https://www.worldhistory.org/article/927/women-in-ancient-greece/ Women in the Ancient Greek world had few rights in comparison to male citizens. Unable to vote, own land, or inherit, a woman's place was in the home and her purpose in life was the rearing of children. That is a general description and when considering Greek women one should remember our sources are incomplete and not always unbiased. If...
Edinburgh Castle
June 29, 2021 04:32 - 15 minutes - 21.8 MBEdinburgh Castle written by Mark Cartwright and narrated by Jennifer Sabir: https://www.worldhistory.org/Edinburgh_Castle/ Edinburgh Castle, towering atop Castle Rock, has served Scotland for centuries, at one time or another acting as a fortress, royal residence, seat of government, armoury, and prison. The scene of countless sieges, royal births and deaths, murderous intrigues, and military displays, Edinburgh castle has long been a symbol of Scottish history and national pride. Toda...
Apollo
June 22, 2021 04:31 - 11 minutes - 15.4 MBApollo written by Mark Cartwright and narrated by Kelly Macquire: https://www.worldhistory.org/apollo/ Apollo was a major Greek god associated with the bow, music, and divination. The epitome of youth and beauty, source of life and healing, patron of the arts, and as bright and powerful as the sun itself, Apollo was, arguably, the most loved of all the gods. He was worshipped at Delphi and Delos, amongst the most famous of all Greek religious sanctuaries. If you like our audio article...
Sisyphus
June 15, 2021 04:07 - 6 minutes - 8.61 MBSisyphus written by Mark Cartwright and narrated by Kelly Macquire: www.worldhistory.org/sisyphus/ Sisyphus (or Sisyphos) is a figure from Greek mythology who, as king of Corinth, became infamous for his general trickery and twice cheating death. He ultimately got his comeuppance when Zeus dealt him the eternal punishment of forever rolling a boulder up a hill in the depths of Hades. Founder of the Isthmian Games and grandfather of Bellerophon, he is nowadays best remembered as a poign...
Women in the Viking Age
May 20, 2021 23:20 - 19 minutes - 26.8 MBWomen in the Viking Age written by Emma Groeneveld and narrated by Jennifer Sabir: https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1251/women-in-the-viking-age/ Although women in the Viking Age (c. 790-1100 CE) lived in a male-dominated society, far from being powerless, they ran farms and households, were responsible for textile production, moved away from Scandinavia to help settle Viking territories abroad stretching from Greenland, Iceland, and the British Isles to Russia, and were perhaps ev...
Ancient Greek Theatre
May 04, 2021 01:25 - 9 minutes - 13.5 MBAncient Greek Theatre written by Mark Cartwright and narrated by Kelly Macquire: worldhistory.org/Greek_Theatre/ Greek theatre began in the 6th century BCE in Athens with the performance of tragedy plays at religious festivals. These, in turn, inspired the genre of Greek comedy plays. The two types of Greek drama would be hugely popular and performances spread around the Mediterranean and influenced Hellenistic and Roman theatre. Thus the works of such great playwrights as Sophocles an...
Athena
April 27, 2021 04:22 - 6 minutes - 8.44 MBAthena written by Mark Cartwright and narrated by Kelly Macquire: https://worldhistory.org/athena/ Goddess of wisdom, war and the crafts, and favourite daughter of Zeus, Athena was, perhaps, the wisest, most courageous, and certainly the most resourceful of the Olympian gods. Zeus was told that his son would take his throne from him, just as he had taken power from his father Cronus. Accordingly, when Metis was pregnant, he swallowed her and Athena was born from Zeus' head, wearing arm...
Daily Life in Medieval Japan
April 20, 2021 00:45 - 16 minutes - 22.9 MBDaily Life in Medieval Japan written by Mark Cartwright and narrated by Jennifer Sabir: https://worldhistory.org/article/1424/daily-life-in-medieval-japan/ Daily life in medieval Japan (1185-1606 CE) was, for most people, the age-old struggle to put food on the table, build a family, stay healthy, and try to enjoy the finer things in life whenever possible. The upper classes had better and more colourful clothes, used expensive foreign porcelain, were entertained by Noh theatre and cou...
Predynastic Period in Egypt
April 13, 2021 02:24 - 22 minutes - 31.3 MBPredynastic Period in Egypt written by Joshua J. Mark and narrated by DW Draffin: https://worldhistory.org/Predynastic_Period_in_Egypt/ The Predynastic Period in Ancient Egypt is the time before recorded history from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic Age and on to the rise of the First Dynasty and is generally recognized as spanning the era from c. 6000-3150 BCE (though physical evidence argues for a longer history). While there are no written records from this period, archaeological ex...
Mycenaean Civilization
April 06, 2021 00:52 - 11 minutes - 16.1 MBThe Mycenaean civilization (c. 1700-1100 BCE) flourished in the Late Bronze Age, reaching its peak from the 15th to the 13th century BCE when it extended its influence not only throughout the Peloponnese in Greece but also across the Aegean, in particular, on Crete and the Cycladic islands. The Mycenaeans, named after their chief city of Mycenae in the Argolid of the northeast Peloponnese, were influenced by the earlier Minoan civilization (2000-1450 BCE) which had spread from its origi...