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In 1979, former communist allies, China and Vietnam, fought a short but bloody war. It was only part of a much wider regional power struggle. China had the bigger army, but as the Americans found before them, Vietnamese troops proved to be formidable opponents. Ngo Nhat Dang was a young Vietnamese conscript fighting on the border, he told Witness about his experiences.

Photo; Chinese prisoners of war, guarded by Vietnamese conscripts, Getty Images.