Prison Radio Audio Feed artwork

Prison Radio Audio Feed

709 episodes - English - Latest episode: about 3 years ago - ★★★★★ - 33 ratings

Prison Radio records and broadcasts the voices of prisoners, centering their analyses and experiences in the movements against mass incarceration and state repression.

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Episodes

On Uncuffed (1:45) Spoon Jackson

April 09, 2021 21:15 - 1 minute - 2.01 MB

On Uncuffed (1:45) Spoon Jackson

The Banquet (1:12) Spoon Jackson

April 09, 2021 21:15 - 1 minute - 1.39 MB

The Banquet (1:12) Spoon Jackson

Failure of the Criminal Justice System (2:57) Torie Chilsom

April 06, 2021 23:00 - 2 minutes - 3.39 MB

Failure of the Criminal Justice System (2:57) Torie Chilsom

Police Misconduct in MN (5:57) Izell Robison

April 06, 2021 22:00 - 5 minutes - 6.82 MB

Police Misconduct in MN (5:57) Izell Robison

Re: Derek Chauvin (2:28) Peter Mukuria

April 05, 2021 21:00 - 2 minutes - 2.84 MB

So this commentary is in regards to the Derek Chauvin murder trial of George Floyd. So my favorite movie is Friday with Ice Cube and Chris Tucker. "Bye Felicia!" That's the one. I watched this movie so many times to the point I had memorized and can quote each scene word-for-word. That's a testament of how many times I've seen this movie. With the trial of Minneapolis police Derek Chauvin currently underway for the murder of George Floyd, the black community is watching this trial with a sens...

Social Insecurity Number (4:12) Gregory Kinnard

April 03, 2021 00:30 - 4 minutes - 4.82 MB

My name is Gregory Kinnard, uh, I go by the book author, music artist, and movie screenwriter name "Promise." This is a piece from my book, self-help non-fiction, titled "Social Insecurity Number." This is the introduction. Through first-, second-, and third-hand experience of guys, males have placed lifelong limitations on most women and girls. The title of this book, "Social Insecurity Numbers," stands for how society social gives women and girls insecurities based on the women and girls' b...

Keep Your Head To The Sky (4:20) Spoon Jackson

April 02, 2021 22:30 - 4 minutes - 4.98 MB

Okay, this is, uh, Spoon Jackson, formerly of Uncuffed Radio. They, for some reason, terminated my job there and I found nothing wrong. So I have this piece written for them, but since they terminated me, when reasons are unknown to me, I just want to share [inaudible] people out there in the world. And it's about a piece about a song that inspires you. And I recently had to deal with COVID-19 and pneumonia, almost passed, so here's a song that inspires me. This is Spoon Jackson. By the way o...

Virginia Departs The Death Game (2:37) Mumia Abu-Jamal

April 01, 2021 00:00 - 2 minutes - 3 MB

"Virginia Departs the Death Game." The state of Virginia, long the center of the American system of using the death penalty, has now, just days ago, abolished it. Virginia,  the state from which most U.S. presidents have emerged, has been using the death penalty for over 400 years. But on Wednesday, March 24th, 2021, Governor Ralph S. Northam signed a bill abolishing Virginia's capital punishment program. This marked the first state of the former Confederacy in the South to formerly abolish i...

Second Chances (2:50) Torie Chilsom

March 31, 2021 22:30 - 2 minutes - 3.24 MB

My name is Torie. Here, I am categorized as a villain when, deep down inside, I'm no different from you. I have feelings, likes and dislikes like you do. I made a mistake by rhyming at 15 years old, but does that mean I don't get a second chance? Shouldn't I be afforded a chance at growth and development in the hope of righting the wrongs I've committed? I can't fault society for their reluctance in affording second chances when people often don't learn their lesson and go right back out ther...

The Sole Purpose By Daryl Mitchell (2:51) Bilal (Charley Hughes) Bey

March 31, 2021 20:15 - 2 minutes - 3.27 MB

This is Bilal Abdul-Salam Bey. This piece is by Daryl Mitchell, number 114031, at the Hutchinson Correctional Facility. It is called the full purpose of 22:12 Islam as presented are Daryl Mitchell. And he says the sole purpose of 22:12 Islam is to reveal the fruitful teachings of [inaudible] who studied Islam—the acronym for intelligence, science, logic and mathematics. The Islam we study also means an acronym for I, self, lord, and master, and I, self, lordess, and master—meaning we believe ...

The Sole Purpose By Daryl Mitchell (2:51) Bilal (Charlie Hughes) Bey

March 31, 2021 20:15 - 2 minutes - 3.27 MB

The Sole Purpose By Daryl Mitchell (2:51) Bilal (Charlie Hughes) Bey

Environments of Oppression (2:57) Mumia Abu-Jamal

March 29, 2021 22:30 - 2 minutes - 3.4 MB

Environments of oppression. I join you all from the american State of Mass Incarceration, a state of poverty, oppression, environmental racism, police violence and governmental repression : it is not unlike what is happening to Brother Keziah in Paris* -- governmental repression against dissent. Generations ago, the american civil rights movement was born by the brutal torture and drowning of a teenage boy, Emmett Till. Today, a global human rights movement was born from the slow motion bruta...

No Hope For Juvenile Offenders (2:41) Torie Chilsom

March 29, 2021 20:45 - 2 minutes - 3.08 MB

Um, yeah, this Torie Chisholm. The Department of Corrections are put in place to correct inmates' mistakes and rehabilitate them. But it saddens me that juvenile offenders like myself are sentenced to extreme sentences with little hope of being released. In most states like Virginia, they are passing laws to give juvenile offenders a chance at parole after serving 20 years. 20 years is pretty much a life sentence. In most states- in the states where there is parole individually with that were...

COVID19 A Love Poem, Karma Death, And Vultures (3:02) Spoon Jackson

March 29, 2021 20:30 - 3 minutes - 3.49 MB

This is, uh, Spoon Jackson, and I got this little poem I wrote about COVID-19 before I was tripping with it, and I'm still recovering from it. COVID-19. I cannot imagine keeping social distance from you when the moon reflects your light. I know 19 ways to love you, 19 ways to touch you, but none to stay away from you. I cannot stand it to look at you from a distance and create some resistance. I cannot stand it, you being there with my eyes paced you, that you are a distant star. I got no 19 ...

In Solidarity With Asian Americans (1:16) Spoon Jackson

March 29, 2021 20:30 - 1 minute - 1.45 MB

Anybody of color in this country has experienced so much discrimination, so to take it out on other people is wrong. Especially, I guess, Asian people has contributed, built a railroad, who helped do what everybody else has done as part of this country, be it slavery or Irish coming over, but cannot go around bullying people and blaming them for stuff that don't even make any sense. You can't do that, you can't discriminate. It's wrong. So I'm hoping that the downfall and, uh, people of all c...

Message for Mumia (2:29) Sergio Hyland

March 24, 2021 23:00 - 2 minutes - 2.86 MB

Mumia, this is a quick message from Uptown Serg, just to let you know that you have my thoughts and prayers as you battle against not only a system that has unjustly imprisoned you but also other health issues which your illegal incarceration has only exacerbated. When I received news of your COVID-19 diagnosis, I was just as devastated as I was when I received news of Russell Maroon Shoatz's diagnosis. I worry about you every day, because I feel a different kind of connection with you. I cou...

Mourning at SCI Chester (4:46) Sergio Hyland

March 24, 2021 23:00 - 4 minutes - 5.47 MB

What's up everybody. It's Uptown Serg reporting live from SCI Chester. On Friday, March 19th, prisoners at SCI Chester, including myself, spent the day mourning yet another death of one of our elders, Bobby Sims. Since the COVID-19 pandemic sent the world into a tailspin, this virus was rampid throughout America's prison system, affecting thousands and killing countless more. Prison officials have been reluctant to protect prisoners from this deadly onslaught. As a result, we live each and ev...

Women's Huron Valley Overcrowded (2:41) Tabitha Maynard

March 23, 2021 22:45 - 2 minutes - 3.08 MB

My name is Tabitha. Um, I am 20 years into a 24-year sentence for second degree murder and weapons felony, crowded in at Women's Huron Valley Correctional Facility in Ysiplianti, Michigan—the only women's state prison in Michigan. Now the powers that be will say we are not overcrowded at all, that in fact Michigan now has the lowest prison population it has had in three decades. Which is true: we are no longer stacked on top of each other in every old office, closet, and storage room they cou...

Women's Huron Valley Overcrowded (2:41)Tabitha Maynerd

March 23, 2021 22:45 - 2 minutes - 3.08 MB

My name is Tabitha. Um, I am 20 years into a 24-year sentence for second degree murder and weapons felony, crowded in at Women's Huron Valley Correctional Facility in Ysiplianti, Michigan—the only women's state prison in Michigan. Now the powers that be will say we are not overcrowded at all, that in fact Michigan now has the lowest prison population it has had in three decades. Which is true: we are no longer stacked on top of each other in every old office, closet, and storage room they cou...

Women's Huron Valley Overcrowded (2:41) Tabitha Maynerd

March 23, 2021 22:45 - 2 minutes - 3.08 MB

My name is Tabitha. Um, I am 20 years into a 24-year sentence for second degree murder and weapons felony, crowded in at Women's Huron Valley Correctional Facility in Ysiplianti, Michigan—the only women's state prison in Michigan. Now the powers that be will say we are not overcrowded at all, that in fact Michigan now has the lowest prison population it has had in three decades. Which is true: we are no longer stacked on top of each other in every old office, closet, and storage room they cou...

Letter of Thanks (2:35) Mumia Abu-Jamal

March 19, 2021 22:00 - 2 minutes - 2.97 MB

"Letter of Thanks." Dear sisters, brothers, comrades, and friends and family on a MOVE! How can I thank you? These, my words, can hardly measure the flood of love that you have radiated on my behalf recently. I am almost—almost—without words, but I'll try.  Thank you, Wadiya. Thank you, Pam Africa. Your support from Philadelphia to France, from points across the nation and literally around the globe, have pulled me from a prison cell and placed me in a hospital room to be treated for a condit...

Stop Asian Hate (2:58) Peter Mukuria

March 19, 2021 20:15 - 2 minutes - 3.4 MB

Comrade Pitt, I’m Peter Kamal Mukuria, calling in from Red Onion State Prisonin Virginia. Um, this title is called “Stop Asian Hate.” America’s original sin was and is, as self-evident, continues to be racism. But now, unless you live under a rock, we all have witnessed, read about, or aware of the uptick in racist violent acts directed towards people of Asian descent. But as one would imagine, um, the cases of violent [inaudible] attacks are probably much higher. Um, those are some of them, ...

The Virus (2:13) Omar Askia Ali

March 16, 2021 22:30 - 2 minutes - 2.55 MB

My name is Omar Askia Ali, a.ka Edward Sistrunk. I'm housed at SCI Coal Township in Pennsylvania. The topic today is the virus. Currently, the percentage of the Coronavirus at SCI Coal Township is small. However, it's still harmful to both the prison staff and the prison population. Adding to the concern of the virus are the parole violators being brought to this facility directly from the street. This concern towards the virus is the fact that, when smoking was committed, the filters and the...

An Introduction (2:30) Torie Chisholm

March 15, 2021 21:00 - 2 minutes - 2.87 MB

My name is Torie Chisholm, inmate number 1018519, housed in the Virginia Department of Corrections. I'm an ex-gang member turned mentor and activist, and my goal is to be an excellent role model for my kids, siblings, and the youth, be a great husband to my wife, make my mother proud, and be a productive citizen when I'm blessed to be able to be released from prison. I've been incarcerated since 2003 when I was 15 years old for robberies, and I'm 33 years old now. I received 47 years. I'm tru...

Incaracation is Violence (3:31) Peter Mukuria

March 15, 2021 20:45 - 3 minutes - 4.04 MB

Hey, my name is Peter Kamal Mukuria, also known as Comrade Pitt. Um, um, this commentary, um, is called, um, pertaining, um, an aspect of prison, uh, which doesn't get much consideration. Um, oftentimes many people falsely believe that, um, prisons is synonymous to rehabilitation: you go to prison so you can be rehabilitated and we return to society as a better person. This is a narrative enforced by prison officials and those who will financially and politically benefit from imprisonment of ...

Kansas Healthcare and Rehabilitation Bill Pt 2 (5:22) Bilal Abdul Salem Bay (Charlie Hughes)

March 09, 2021 01:00 - 5 minutes - 6.16 MB

This is Bilal Abdul-Salaam Bey, also known as Charley Hughes, inmate at the Hutchinson Correctional Facility in Hutchinson, Kansas. This is part two, section one of the Kansas Healthcare, Education, Rehabilitation, and Reentry Preparedness bill. Be it also enacted that, upon the passage of this bill, the director of contracts and programs shall implement a program within the KDOC titled “Education, Rehabilitation, and Reentry Preparedness Program.” And the secretary of corrections shall desig...

Kansas Healthcare and Rehabilitation Bill Pt 2 (5:22) Bilal Abdul Salem Bay (Charley Hughes)

March 09, 2021 01:00 - 5 minutes - 6.16 MB

This is Bilal Abdul-Salaam Bey, also known as Charley Hughes, inmate at the Hutchinson Correctional Facility in Hutchinson, Kansas. This is part two, section one of the Kansas Healthcare, Education, Rehabilitation, and Reentry Preparedness bill. Be it also enacted that, upon the passage of this bill, the director of contracts and programs shall implement a program within the KDOC titled “Education, Rehabilitation, and Reentry Preparedness Program.” And the secretary of corrections shall desig...

Appetite for Academia (1:59) Heather Jarvis

March 05, 2021 21:00 - 2 minutes - 2.28 MB

My name is Heather Jarvis, and this is called "Appetite for Academia."  According to the National Reentry Resource Center and the Vera Institute of Justice, at least 95 percent of incarcerated people will be released from prison at some point. By the time some of them are, two-thirds of job postings will require some level of college education. What does that mean for me as an inmate? It means I need an education. I'm serving a 10-year sentence, the odds are stacked against me, I'm a violent ...

Irene Morgan Kirkaldy (2:47) Sergio Hyland

March 03, 2021 22:00 - 2 minutes - 3.2 MB

What's going on everybody? It’s Uptown Serg again. We're honoring a true hero. I want to take some time to pay homage to an unspoken civil rights hero, one who made history has set the stage for perhaps the biggest civil rights victory during the 20th century. Her name is Irene Morgan Kirkaldy. 11 years before the world would come to know Rosa Parks, Irene Kirkaldy refused to give her seat up to a white passenger on a Greyhound bus headed toward her home state of Virginia. She was quickly arr...

Madame Cicely Tyson (2:42) Mumia Abu-Jamal

February 23, 2021 23:15 - 2 minutes - 3.09 MB

Madame Cicely Tyson (2:42) Mumia Abu-Jamal

Their God (3:11) Peter Mukuria

February 23, 2021 23:15 - 3 minutes - 3.67 MB

So this poem is titled “Their God.” Former president Trump claimed to be a Christian, and former vice president Pence claimed to be a Christian. David Duke, formal leader of KKK, claim to be a Christian. This led me to wonder how their gods like, who they typically [inaudible] their knees, meld their hands together, and pray to. My vision led me to their God being a white male with a mullet, yes a mullet. On the weekdays, he probably wears a flannel shirt with no sleeves and a fanny pack to c...

Why Prison Radio? (6:28) Sergio Hyland

February 22, 2021 21:45 - 6 minutes - 7.41 MB

Sup everybody, this is Uptown Serg, and this piece is called “Why Prison Radio.” As prisoners approach a full year [inaudible] on an enhanced lockdown, we still find it difficult to galvanize enough public support to make critical and necessary changes to PADO policy. This lockdown has put the prison system’s unwritten policy of inhumanity in full display, once again proving that the true purpose of prison is to torture human beings. People often ask me why I choose to use Prison Radio to voi...

BPP Free Food Program (3:58) Peter Mukuria

February 19, 2021 21:15 - 3 minutes - 4.55 MB

Hey there, this is, um, Comrade Pitt, Peter Kamau Mukuria, calling in from Red Onion State Prison in the state of Virginia.  This piece is called “Serve the People, RIBPP Free Food Program.”  So every Friday and Saturday, the Revolutionary Intercommunal Black Panther Party (RIBPP) launches the free food program. Every Friday, the Panthers, along with community volunteers of North New Jersey, prepares and serve hot meals for the homeless. And every Saturday, the Panthers distribute hundreds of...

Unreported Injuries (2:29) Quincy Dion Jones

February 17, 2021 21:00 - 2 minutes - 2.86 MB

This is, uh, Mr. Quincy Jones, um, uh, CC number BI9263. Of course, as of the officer abuse, November 10th, nurse Deseree made a medical report that did not show any of the significant injuries I have- that occurred when I was seen the next day by the pill call nurse when they, uh, sent me to A Yard, A5 to be exact. I was immediately seen by the RN who sent me immediately to San Joaquin Hospital within a matter of a couple of hours, um, uh, with these significant injuries, um, the very next d...

A Trial That Wasn't (1:24) Mumia Abu-Jamal

February 16, 2021 23:30 - 1 minute - 1.62 MB

A Trial That Wasn't (1:24) Mumia Abu-Jamal

Resignation Letter (2:41) Laura Taylor

February 15, 2021 21:15 - 2 minutes - 3.08 MB

Dear controller of my days, I want to be you, earning the inalienable right to rule over the stooped women of waywardness. My desire is to have my polyester pants weighted down by the keys that secure each cell door. I wish to rule what's behind each one of them and have no clue to what key goes to what door. I want to laugh about that, with the captives, a dream of setting the tone at 6:00 AM for the offenders by refusing to answer simple questions, slamming doors, or glaring at them. My moo...

Kansas Freedom Bill pt 1 (2:35) Bilal Salem Bey (Charlie Hughes)

February 13, 2021 01:30 - 2 minutes - 2.97 MB

This is Bilal Abdul-Salam Bey at the Hudson Correctional Facility. This piece is about the Kansas freedom bill called Kansas' Healthcare, Education, Rehabilitation, and Re-entry Preparedness Bill Part 1. Section 1: be it enact a law that, by December  15th, 2021, Kansas Department of Corrections will reduce this prison population down to its designed capacity. Due to the ill effects of COVID-19 inside KDOC, prisoners who have the following health problems should be release from prison immedia...

When Is A Trial Not A Trial? (1:58) Mumia Abu-Jamal

February 11, 2021 00:30 - 1 minute - 2.26 MB

When Is A Trial Not A Trial? (1:58) Mumia Abu-Jamal

Correctional Officer Brutality (3:10) Quincy Dion Jones

February 09, 2021 00:30 - 3 minutes - 3.64 MB

This is Mr. Quincy Jones. My, uh, CDCR number is B as in boy, I, as in Indio, 92603.  I am currently housed in CDCR New Folsom in California. I have recently been a victim of police brutality, actually correctional officer brutality. You have to be very specific about these titles, especially when you take into account all that's being done out there on the streets: the protesting and making a stand to say that this treatment of people of color must come to an end today. To see so many white ...

People Not Pest (2:27) Heather Jarvis

February 09, 2021 00:30 - 2 minutes - 2.82 MB

I'm Heather Jarvis, and this is "People Not Pest." At 22, I was arrested and admitted into the masses of incarcerated in our country. I found my so-called [inaudible] bathroom with a burly female officer staring at my naked body, showed a five o'clock shadow, and a look that screamed, "Don't fuck with me." I was addicted, young, and scared, but back then, I still had an attitude that loved to challenge authority. So I shot back my best "Don't fuck with me either" look I could muster while sta...

PA's Fretless Mishandling of COVID-19 (4:51) Sergio Hyland

February 08, 2021 22:00 - 4 minutes - 5.57 MB

Sup everybody. It's Uptown Serg, and I got this piece that I want y'all to listen to. When I arrived at SCI Chester back in 2016, one of the very first elders I met and befriended was Tommy Pirant. He was a gentle giant in the seventies and walking with the aid of a cane. Prison conditions had destroyed both of his knees, eventually putting so much strain on his back that he needed multiple surgeries. When it got really bad, I forced Tommy to let me push him in his wheelchair as we both made ...

A Life Worthy of Progress (1:10) Heather Koon

February 08, 2021 21:45 - 1 minute - 1.35 MB

"Life." That word once meant living out my dreams, reaching goals I had sat back in my early childhood, such as starting a daycare center with my mom. When the judge [inaudible] it feels like you've been punched. It's so scary to think this could be it for me. When I meet other lifers, I look at them in awe: how do they stay so strong?  Sometime  I wonder if I can survive another day, another goodbye. My fate lies in the hands of strangers who only know me on paper. They don't know the real m...

Dear Jonathan (4:20) Margaret Kenny

February 08, 2021 21:30 - 4 minutes - 4.97 MB

What I want people to know about me: I'm a mother, a sister, an aunt, but most of all, I'm a human being capable of feeling. My life has been filled with deep rejection. My chest has been broken over and over again by people who were supposed to keep me safe. I sometimes think of that word "safe" and what it means, and I've come to realize I've never known that feeling. I've lived the life filled with drug abuse to escape my reality of the life I was given, and I often ask myself what would m...

After 30 Years (1:17) Elizabeth Green

February 08, 2021 21:30 - 1 minute - 1.49 MB

Hello my name is Elizabeth Anne Green. After 33 years of being in prison, I have learned to give back instead of hurting others. It is very sad that I had to come to prison to learn that I should not do drugs and not hurt others in order to get money. I have done many things to improve myself. These things include taking victim awareness, thinking for a change, and drug-related groups among others. I tried very hard to mentor other inmates coming to prison so they don't become like me, learni...

Soltary Confinement (2:18) Joadanus Olivas

February 06, 2021 00:15 - 2 minutes - 2.65 MB

"Solitary confinement." I must admit during my 12 years of incarceration since the age of 16, I haven't done much solitary confinement time in comparison to other fellow prisoners, so I didn't rush into writing on this topic. I've been to the hole many times, but not for long periods.What do you know? Weeks later, I went to the hole for battery resulting in a serious bodily injury. I received the projected 17-month [inaudible] term, but with good behavior I could do 6 months. So I did six mon...

Resolutions for Kansas Part 4 & 5 (2:50) Bilal Bey (Charlie Hughes)

February 03, 2021 20:45 - 2 minutes - 3.25 MB

This is Bilal Abdul-Salam Bey. also known  as Charley Hughes number 96576, a prisoner at the Hutchinson Correctional Facility. This concludes part four and five of the resolution for the Free Kansas movement. Part four: healthcare. Number one: health care insurance program. Therefore be it resolved that the Free Kansas movement call for health insurance to be provided for to all Kansans for costs of $5 per month and those that aren't able to afford it be awarded free coverage. Be it finally r...

Resolutions for Kansas Part 4 & 5 (2:50) Bilal Bey (Charley Hughes)

February 03, 2021 20:45 - 2 minutes - 3.25 MB

This is Bilal Abdul-Salam Bey. also known  as Charley Hughes number 96576, a prisoner at the Hutchinson Correctional Facility. This concludes part four and five of the resolution for the Free Kansas movement. Part four: healthcare. Number one: health care insurance program. Therefore be it resolved that the Free Kansas movement call for health insurance to be provided for to all Kansans for costs of $5 per month and those that aren't able to afford it be awarded free coverage. Be it finally r...

Another Death By COVID (3:39) Dennis "Solo" McKeithan

February 03, 2021 00:15 - 3 minutes - 4.2 MB

Dennis McKethan, SCI phoenix in Pennsylvania. "Another Death by COVID." The day I learned that another friend from childhood who was imprisoned at SCI Phoenix has died from COVID. His name was Bruce Knaus. He was about 70 years old and a good human being. He had made commutation and was only waiting for Governor Wolf to sign a paper so he could leave. There are several prisoners who have made computation months ago, but still waiting on the governor to sign the papers. After over 40 something...

Resolutions for Kansas Part 2 & 3 (4:25) Billal Bey (Charlie Hughes)

February 01, 2021 21:30 - 4 minutes - 5.06 MB

This is Bilal Abdul-Salam Bey also known as Charley Hughes, number 96576, inmate at Hudson Correctional Facility here in Hudson, Kansas. As you all know, this piece is about resolutions being passed here in Kansas through the Free Kansas movement. This is second part to the first resolution. This part will be on economic development. Number one: to force full employment for all people. Therefore be it resolved that the Free Kansas movement will build businesses in our communities to ensure th...

COVID 19 and Reconstruction (8:03) Charles Diggs

February 01, 2021 21:30 - 8 minutes - 9.22 MB

My name is Karim Charles Diggs. I'm calling from SCI Phoenix, Pennsylvania, and the title of my subject is "COVID-19 and Reconstruction." A cure for all our diseases, including COVID-19, [inaudible] may very well be found in the period of Reconstruction. COVID-19 has inspired the medical community to produce several vaccines. The vaccines will perform a number of miracles. First it may prevent cured persons from catching COVID. Secondly it will cure some persons once they have the virus. Ther...