What is Consciousness? Attention Schema Theory & The Science of Subjectivity | Michael Graziano

Michael Graziano is Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at Princeton University. He received his Bachelor of Arts degree from Princeton University in 1989 in Psychology. He attended graduate school in neuroscience at MIT from 1989 to 1991 and then returned to Princeton University to complete his doctoral degree in 1996, in Neuroscience and Psychology. He remained at Princeton University as a postdoctoral researcher and then as a professor of neuroscience and psychology. He's a best-selling author and has written several books including "Consciousness and the Social Brain", "Re-thinking Consciousness", "The Spaces Between Us", and much more. His scientific research focuses on the brain basis of awareness and he has proposed the "attention schema theory" (AST) - a scientific theory of subjective experience.

EPISODE LINKS:
- Michael's Website: https://grazianolab.princeton.edu/
- Michael's Books: https://tinyurl.com/2eufd62r
- TED-ed "What is consciousness?": https://youtu.be/MASBIB7zPo4
- TED-ed "Uploading our minds": https://youtu.be/2DWnvx1NYUA
- TEDx "Consciousness & the Social Brain: https://youtu.be/Zjak6YgCVdc

TIMESTAMPS:
(0:00) - Introduction
(0:19) - What is consciousness?
(5:50) - Subjectivity & phenomenal consciousness
(9:20) - Evolution of attention, awareness & consciousness
(21:55) - Humans, the cerebral cortex & focused attention
(21:14) - Attention schema theory (AST)
(28:10) - Attribution of consciousness, panpsychism, theory of mind
(32:27) - Intramission vs extramission (physics of vision)
(41:17) - Practical application of AST (e.g. autistic spectrum disorder)
(51:41) - Why the study of consciousness?
(57:15) - Consciousness as a caricature and/or illusion
(1:00:38) - Neurological fallout, rubber hand illusion, body schemas
(1:12:28) - Artificial intelligence & uploading minds
(1:16:42) - Virtual realities & psychosis
(1:26:28) - Social awareness & the effect of social media
(1:27:29) - Current work at Graziano lab
(1:32:32) - Conclusion

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