Metabolism Made Easy
153 episodes - English - Latest episode: 12 days ago -This podcast describes selected biochemistry content that could be useful to premedical/medical students.
Similar content (podcasts and videos) is available at:
https://medbiochem.org/
or check out my YouTube channel: Metabolism Made Easy
These podcasts and videos cover selected topics in medical biochemistry.
A J Ghalayini, Ph.D.
Bio for Dr. Ghalayini:
Dr. Ghalayini received his Ph.D. in Biochemistry from the University of Houston, Houston, Texas. He has over 3 decades of experience in research and medical education as professor of biochemistry at 5 different universities.
Homepage Apple Podcasts Google Podcasts Overcast Castro Pocket Casts RSS feed
Episodes
Glucose Uptake by Muscle & Adipose Tissue
April 11, 2024 07:54 - 2 minutes - 2.39 MBThis podcast covers the insulin-dependent uptake of glucose by GLUT-4 in muscle and adipose tissue. This insulin-dependent uptake by these tissues contributes to the reduction of plasma glucose after a meal. Check out the link below for the video podcast: https://youtu.be/_vyijJKL4oY --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Glucose: The Essential Nutrient
April 05, 2024 08:34 - 3 minutes - 2.63 MBThis podcast covers the essential role of glucose as an energy source for several tissues. Most notably, red blood cells and the brain. Red blood cells are entirely dependent on glucose for their energy needs while the brain is highly dependent on glucose for its energy. Glucose in the bloodstream is produced by the liver and maintained around 80-100mg/dl during fasting to provide red blood cells and the brain with their energy needs. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify...
Hormones & Receptors: 4 Distinct Types
March 25, 2024 07:12 - 2 minutes - 2.1 MBThis podcast covers the four different classes of receptors that illicit intracellular signals, including steroid receptors, ion channel receptors, receptor enzymes, and G-protein coupled receptors. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Insulin Effects on Carbohydrate & Lipid metabolism
March 13, 2024 09:33 - 3 minutes - 3.6 MBThis episode summarizes the key effects on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, including the processes that are activated by insulin and the ones inhibited by it. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Enzyme Inhibition
March 01, 2024 07:47 - 4 minutes - 4.12 MBThis podcast describes 4 distinct types of enzyme inhibitors and their mechanism of inhibition, including: substrate analogues, toxins, allosteric inhibitors, and heavy metals. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Glycolysis: Regulation of Pyruvate Kinase
February 19, 2024 09:16 - 8 minutes - 7.95 MBThis podcast covers the regulation of pyruvate kinase allosterically and by hormone-dependent (insulin & glucagon) covalent modification. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Metabolism in The Well-Fed State
February 05, 2024 11:13 - 4 minutes - 4.15 MBThis podcast covers the metabolic changes in various organs and key organ uses of the available nutrients in the bloodstream. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
The Brain Loves Glucose
January 19, 2024 07:35 - 2 minutes - 2.52 MBWith the exception of ketone bodies, the brain is entirely dependent on glucose as an energy source under most circumstances. Glucose is oxidized all the way to CO2 by the brain, producing up to 38 ATPs. This catabolism is dependent on oxygen, which is used to convert the energy in NADH and FADH2 to ATP through the Electron Transport Chain and Oxidative Phosphorylation. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
DIETARY TRIACYLGLYCEROL (Fat): Digestion, Absorption & Storage
January 04, 2024 08:07 - 4 minutes - 4.24 MBThis podcast covers the digestion of the major dietary fat, triacylglycerol, including digestion uptake into intestinal mucosa, delivery through the bloodstream, uptake and storage of fatty acids from chylomicrons in the bloodstream. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Transport of Ammonia by Glutamine
December 14, 2023 15:08 - 4 minutes - 3.76 MBThis podcast describes the transport of ammonia produced in peripheral tissues by incorporating it into glutamine through glutamine synthase. Glutamine is transported in the bloodstream to either the liver or kidney for further metabolism. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Metabolism During Fasting
November 07, 2023 10:23 - 8 minutes - 7.91 MBThis podcast provides an overview of metabolic changes associated with fasting, including key metabolic changes in the liver and adipose tissue. The liver will increase its output of glucose and ketone bodies, while adipose tissue will provide fatty acids to the bloodstream for other peripheral tissues to use during fasting. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
METABOLISM: A Biochemical Summary
September 14, 2023 07:03 - 14 minutes - 13.7 MBThis podcast summarizes the key biochemical components of metabolism, including: 1. definition; 2. cellular location; 3. the major catabolic pathways; 4. the 3 stages of catabolism; 5. the 12 major metabolic uses of glucose, fatty acids and amino acids; 6. the energy output of catabolism of glucose, fatty acids, and ketone bodies. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Enzyme Regulation
September 05, 2023 08:15 - 9 minutes - 8.61 MBThis podcast covers 5 distinct enzyme regulatory mechanisms and their effects on enzyme structure and activity. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
The Urea cycle : Key Features and Enzymes
July 27, 2023 07:32 - 11 minutes - 11.1 MBThis podcast covers the function and the location of the urea cycle, including some key features and the sequence of the enzymes as well as their location. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
TRANSAMINASES: Amino acid degradation
June 28, 2023 07:29 - 4 minutes - 3.88 MBThis podcast covers the role of transaminases the initial step in the degradation of amino acids. This includes the role of glutamate dehydrogenase in producing ammonia. The ammonia and aspartate produced are then able to enter the urea cycle in the liver. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Adipocytes, lipolysis, and energy reserves
June 16, 2023 06:19 - 5 minutes - 5.71 MBThis podcast covers the role of adipocytes in energy storage and their role in initiating lypolysis of stored triacylglycerols to provide various tissues with fatty acids as a energy source. The role of fatty acid Beta-oxidation in providing energy from both dietary or stored triacylglycerols is also covered. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
The Cori Cycle
May 24, 2023 06:51 - 58 seconds - 929 KBThis podcast covers the details of the conversion of lactate produced during exercise to glucose in the liver and ultimately releasing it to the bloodstream. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Regulation of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase
May 02, 2023 06:40 - 2 minutes - 2.17 MBThis pocast covers the regulation of the Rate-limiting enzyme in fatty acid synthesis, Acetyl CoA Carboxylase allosterically, and by covalent modification. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Regulation of Cholesterol Biosynthesis
April 24, 2023 07:43 - 5 minutes - 5.6 MBThis podcast covers the regulation of HMG CoA Reductase by hormones, covalent modification, cytoplasmic cholesterol, and statins. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
What is Metabolism?
April 10, 2023 06:46 - 2 minutes - 2.07 MBThis podcast defines metabolism and its two distinct components: anabolism and catabolism. The major compartments involved in both are also covered. If you like this podcast, feel free to donate to the podcast. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Dietary Components: 12 distinct uses
April 03, 2023 08:13 - 3 minutes - 3.08 MBThis podcast covers the distinct uses of glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids and their unique roles in metabolism. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
What happens when we fast: The plasma sources of glucose, fatty acids, and ketone bodies
March 20, 2023 11:11 - 6 minutes - 6.33 MBThis podcast covers the key role of the liver and adipose tissue in providing energy sources to the plasma during fasting. The liver is the provider of glucose and fatty acids, while adipose tissue provides fatty acids to the bloodstream. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
What a ketogenic diet teaches us about metabolism?
March 10, 2023 08:07 - 4 minutes - 4.33 MBWhile following a ketogenic diet, maintenance of plasma glucose is essential for several tissues. The amino acids derived from dietary proteins will provide the carbon skeletons for glucose synthesis by the liver, while the triacylglycerols from dietary fat will provide the energy for various tissues through Beta-oxidation of fatty acids. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
3 GPCRs: 4 second messengers
March 06, 2023 08:29 - 3 minutes - 3.18 MBThis podcast covers the production of cAMP by activation of either the beta-adrenergic receptor or the glucagon receptor as well as the activation of the alpha1-adrenergic by epinephrine to produce IP3, DG and calcium. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
The 3 Stages of Catabolism
February 22, 2023 05:32 - 2 minutes - 2.9 MBThis podcast covers the 3 stages of catabolism from the intestinal lumen to inside the cell. The energy output is mostly produced in the mitochondrial catabolic pathways. Similar content is available at: https://medbiochem.org/ --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Major Metabolic Pathways for Carbohydrates and Fat
February 09, 2023 07:07 - 4 minutes - 4.06 MBThis podcast covers the major pathways for catabolism of glucose and fatty acids, including the ATP output from their complete degradation to CO2. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
NSAIDS, Cortisol and Inflammation
January 18, 2023 07:49 - 2 minutes - 2.33 MBThis podcast covers the target enzymes of NSAIDS and cortisol and their respective effects on inflammation. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Covalent Modification II: Regulation of Enzymes by Phosphorylation
January 13, 2023 06:51 - 4 minutes - 4.65 MBThis podcast covers the effect of phophorylstion/dephosphorylation by protein kinases and phosphatases on enzyme activity. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Insulin, phosphatases and the well-fed state
January 04, 2023 07:35 - 4 minutes - 3.8 MBThis podcast covers the activation of the Insulin receptor resulting in activation of an intracellular protein phosphatase. The deposphorylation of eight enzymes is also covered. This dephosphorylation results in profound effects on carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Insulin Effects in 6 minutes
December 20, 2022 06:12 - 5 minutes - 5.59 MBThis podcast describes the key tissue effects of insulin in the well-fed state including its effects on liver, muscle and adipose tissue. Also covered are the effects of insulin on regulating key enzymes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Digestion, Reassembly, Absorption, and Storage of Dietary Triacylglycerol
December 08, 2022 08:56 - 5 minutes - 5.26 MBThis podcast describes the digestion, reassembly, absorption and storage of dietary Triacylglycerol including the role of pancreatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
FASTING, Glucagon and Liver Glucose Ouput
November 25, 2022 06:26 - 3 minutes - 3.98 MBThis podcast describes the liver output of glucose during fasting and its regulation by glucagon. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Covalent Modification of Enzymes
November 16, 2022 14:25 - 59 seconds - 1020 KBThis podcast covers the phosphorylation of enzymes by protein kinases that modify specific hydroxyl residues in enzymes. This content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar biochemistry content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Reduction of Plasma Cholesterol by Statins
September 15, 2022 08:37 - 3 minutes - 3.37 MBThis podcast describes the specific mechanism by which statins reduce plasma cholesterol. The reduction of cholesterol synthesis by statins in effect, will result in the upregulation of the LDL receptor and increased uptake of LDL from plasma. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Insulin Effects on Liver, Muscle and Adipose Tissue
September 15, 2022 08:31 - 4 minutes - 4.48 MBThis podcast describes the specific metabolic effects of insulin on liver, muscle and adipose tissue. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Adenylate Cyclase: 7 Key Features
September 03, 2022 08:56 - 10 minutes - 10.3 MBThis podcast covers the key components of the adenylate cyclase system including receptor activation, G-protein involved, activation of adenylate cyclase , production of cAMP, activation of PKA and termination of the actions of cAMP . Also included is a historical perspective of the discovery of G-proteins the adeylate cyclase system. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Reversal of PKA Effects by Insulin
September 01, 2022 08:13 - 1 minute - 1.74 MBThis podcast describes the activation of the a phosphoprotein phosphatase by insulin. Also check out the podcast below for insulin's effects on specific enzymes: https://anchor.fm/a-j-ghalayini/episodes/Insulin-and-Enzyme-Dephosphorylation-e1mb74a --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Phosphorylation of Key Enzymes by PKA and AMP kinase
September 01, 2022 07:48 - 6 minutes - 6.09 MBThis podcast covers key enzymes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism the are phosphorylated by either PKA or AMP kinase and the outcome of phosphorylation on enzyme activity. Also check out the podcast on Adenylate Cyclase below: https://anchor.fm/a-j-ghalayini/episodes/Adenylate-Cyclase-7-Key-Features-e1nb35t --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Cortisol and Inflammation
August 10, 2022 12:11 - 4 minutes - 4.37 MBThis podcast describes the effect of cortisol on eicosanoid biosynthesis and its resulting anti-inflammatory effects. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Insulin and Enzyme Dephosphorylation
August 10, 2022 11:20 - 9 minutes - 8.93 MBThis podcast describes the outcome of dephosphorylation of key enzymes trigerred by Insulin binding to its receptor and resulting in changes of both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Also check out my Insulin playlist on YouTube below for additional videos: INSULIN: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLXy2KYiCd9rlWs3TxwuMk26ncmzva3PM3. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar con...
Phospholipase C. 6 Key Features
July 08, 2022 06:53 - 8 minutes - 8.56 MBThis podcast covers in the detail the actions of phospholipase C starting with receptor activation, activation of Gq, production of second messengers and activation of PKC. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG Biochemistry by Metabolism Made Easy playlist on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLXy2KYiCd9rlg0JmfA392WrEiOYNu39xn --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/sh...
2 Enzymes that Require Vitamin B12
May 08, 2022 08:25 - 57 seconds - 970 KBThis podcast covers the only 2 enzymes that require Vitamin B12 . This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Thiamine Requirement: 4 Key Enzymes
March 31, 2022 06:12 - 2 minutes - 2.59 MBThis podcast covers the 4 enzymes requiring thiamine as a coenzyme. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Carbon Skeletons: Glucogenic vs. Ketogenic
February 25, 2022 06:52 - 5 minutes - 5.45 MBThis podcast covers the carbon skeletons derived from amino acids and their classification as glucogenic or ketogenic. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
NADPH: Sources and Uses
February 17, 2022 06:00 - 9 minutes - 9 MBThis podcast describes the major sources of NADPH and its primary uses in 5 biological reactions. This content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Malonyl CoA: Regulation of fatty acid synthesis and beta oxidation
January 28, 2022 06:41 - 8 minutes - 7.51 MBThis podcast covers the regulation of acetyl CoA Carboxylase allosterically and by covalent modification. The effect of malonyl CoA on beta oxidation of fatty acids is also described. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Acetyl CoA: Sources and Fates
December 19, 2021 06:46 - 5 minutes - 4.79 MBThis podcast describes the molecules that can produce acetyl CoA as well as the possible metabolic fates of acetyl CoA. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Metabolism: An Overview
December 12, 2021 05:37 - 11 minutes - 10.4 MBThis podcast is an overview of the components of metabolism, namely, catabolism and anabolism and their respective cellular functions. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Purine Salvage: HGPRT and Hyperuricemia
November 16, 2021 04:08 - 11 minutes - 10.6 MBThis podcast covers the purine salvage pathway and the inherited deficiency in the salvage of hypoxanthine and guanine (HGPRT) and its outcome in infants. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message
Glycolysis vs. Gluconeogenesis: A Futile Cycle?
November 10, 2021 04:50 - 5 minutes - 5.27 MBThis podcast covers the mutual regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis by allosteric regulators, thus preventing the likelihood of a futile cycle from occurring. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message