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Introduction to The Philosophy of History by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
10 episodes - English - Latest episode: over 4 years ago - ★★★★★ - 3 ratingsThe introduction to Hegel’s lectures on the philosophy of world history is often used to introduce students to Hegel’s philosophy, in part because Hegel’s sometimes difficult style is muted in the lectures, and he discourses on accessible themes such as world events in order to explain his philosophy. Much of the work is spent defining and characterizing Geist or spirit. Geist is similar to the culture of people, and is constantly reworking itself to keep up with the changes of society, while at the same time working to produce those changes through what Hegel called the “cunning of reason”. Another important theme of the text is the focus on world history, rather than regional or state history. The obscure writings of Jakob Böhme had a strong effect on Hegel. Böhme had written that the Fall of Man was a necessary stage in the evolution of the universe. This evolution was, itself, the result of God’s desire for complete self-awareness. Hegel was fascinated by the works of Spinoza, Kant, Rousseau, and Goethe, and by the French Revolution. Modern philosophy, culture, and society seemed to Hegel fraught with contradictions and tensions, such as those between the subject and object of knowledge, mind and nature, self and Other, freedom and authority, knowledge and faith, the Enlightenment and Romanticism. Hegel’s main philosophical project was to take these contradictions and tensions and interpret them as part of a comprehensive, evolving, rational unity that, in different contexts, he called “the absolute idea” or “absolute knowledge”. According to Hegel, the main characteristic of this unity was that it evolved through and manifested itself in contradiction and negation. Contradiction and negation have a dynamic quality that at every point in each domain of reality—consciousness, history, philosophy, art, nature, society—leads to further development until a rational unity is reached that preserves the contradictions as phases and sub-parts through an up-lifting (Aufhebung) into a higher unity. This whole is mental because it is mind that can comprehend all of these phases and sub-parts as steps in its own process of comprehension. It is rational because the same, underlying, logical, developmental order underlies every domain of reality and is ultimately the order of self-conscious rational thought, although only in the later stages of development does it come to full self-consciousness. The rational, self-conscious whole is not a thing or being that lies outside of other existing things or minds. Rather, it comes to completion only in the philosophical comprehension of individual existing human minds who, through their own understanding, bring this developmental process to an understanding of itself.
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Episodes
01 – I: Original History
January 02, 2024 00:00 - 10 minutes - 4.86 MBMore great books at LoyalBooks.com
02 – II: Reflective History
January 01, 2024 00:00 - 14 minutes - 6.68 MBMore great books at LoyalBooks.com
03 – III: Philosophical History
December 31, 2023 00:00 - 11 minutes - 5.05 MBMore great books at LoyalBooks.com
04 – III: (I) – Reason Governs the World
December 30, 2023 00:00 - 16 minutes - 7.72 MBMore great books at LoyalBooks.com
05 – III: (II) – The Essential Destiny of Reason, Subsection 1: The Abstract Characteristics of the Nature of Spirit
December 29, 2023 00:00 - 15 minutes - 6.96 MBMore great books at LoyalBooks.com
06 – III: (II) – The Essential Destiny of Reason, Subsection 2: What Means Spirit Uses in order to Realise Its Idea
December 28, 2023 00:00 - 21 seconds - 27.6 MBMore great books at LoyalBooks.com
07 – III: (II) – The Essential Destiny of Reason, Subsection 3: The Shape which the Perfect Embodiment of Spirit Assumes
December 27, 2023 00:00 - 55 minutes - 25.4 MBMore great books at LoyalBooks.com
08 – III: (III) – The Course of the World’s History, Subsection 1
December 26, 2023 00:00 - 32 minutes - 14.6 MBMore great books at LoyalBooks.com
09 – III: (III) – The Course of the World’s History, Subsection 2
December 25, 2023 00:00 - 29 minutes - 13.5 MBMore great books at LoyalBooks.com
10 – III: (III) – The Course of the World’s History, Subsection 3: The Idea of the World’s History as Such
December 24, 2023 00:00 - 29 minutes - 13.3 MBMore great books at LoyalBooks.com