In Travancore, a former princely state in southern India that is now a part of Kerala, Anna Modayil Mani was raised in a wealthy family. She was the seventh of eight children, and she was born in 1918. The wealthy civil engineer who owned extensive cardamom estates in the area and was the father of Anna Mani. The Mani family was an example of a typical upper middle class professional family, where males were prepared for high level occupations from an early age and daughters were prepared for marriage. There was a societal consensus at the time that women's education should be adapted to their unique responsibilities as mothers and housewives. Little Anna Mani, however, was not having it. She was a voracious reader during her childhood years.


Mani read practically all of the Malayalam literature available at her neighborhood public library by the time she was eight years old. When given diamond earrings for her eighth birthday, as was customary in her family, she chose a set of Encyclopedia Britannica instead. The Vaikom Satyagraha had its center in Travancore around 1925. People of all castes and religions in the princely state were protesting the priests' decision to forbid Dalits from using the road next to the temple in the town of Vaikom.

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