A number of mainline Protestant churches in the United States and Europe have heightened their rhetoric and hostility against Israel in recent years. Most famous is the 2004 Presbyterian Church USA resolution advocating divestment from specified companies doing business with Israel. This resolution was partly revoked last month, yet the strategic threat remains. Liberal churches in America and Europe promote the Palestinian narrative and some espouse implicit anti-Zionism. The economic and public relations campaigns have spread to universities and labour unions. Who are the players, what motivates them, and what can we expect for the future?