Endometriosis is caused by endometrial-like tissue containing endometrial glands and extensive fibrotic tissue growing outside the endometrial cavity, most often in the pelvic peritoneum or ovaries, resulting in chronic pelvic pain and infertility. It is reported to affect 10 to 15% of women of reproductive age, with an unknown percentage of women who go on undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. For decades, Sampson's Theory has survived as the most "likely" to explain the pathogenesis of endometriosis. But why do some women with retrograde menstruation go on to develop endometriosis while others do not? That has been the big UNKNOWN for decades....until NOW. Could the answer be because of the uterine microbiome? Its highly possible! If so, certain combination of antibiotics may reduce and/or reverse some of the pathology of endometriosis. In this episode, we will summarize a brand new study (from 06/14/23) that is SHAKING UP gynecology! Listen in...and find out what this data is about, its clinical applications, and the gaps that still remain in this story.